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The legal system of Puerto Rico is based on the Spanish civil code and within the U.S. federal system of justice.
The Senate is composed of by 27 members and the House of Representatives by 51, except as these numbers may be increased respectively when one political party has a majority of seats in one of the chambers. The current membership of the Senate is 29 members.
The head of governmentThe head of government is the leader of the government or cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is known as a premier or prime minister. In presidential systems, the head of government may be the same person as the head of state which and commander-in-chief of the military is the Governor of Puerto Rico. The current governor is Sila María Calderón since January 2, 2001.
The day-to-day enforcement and administration of national laws is in the hands of the various executive departments , created by the Legislative Assembly to deal with specific areas of national and international affairs. The heads of the 12 departments, chosen by the governor and approved by the Senate, form a council of advisers generally known as the Governor's Cabinet .
The Constitution provides for the creation of at least 8 departments, being these the departments of State , Justice , Education , Health , Treasury , Labor , Agriculture and Commerce , and Public Works . However, the establishment of high-level executive departments by the Legislative Assembly and the need for the governor to solicit advice, make necessary the creation of more departments not specified in the Constitution.
Cabinet members are the heads of all cabinet-level agencies, which are created by statute. Section 7 and 8 of the Constitution empowers the Secretary of State to act as Governor, should the governor become temporarily disabled or unable to discharge his duties.
Each department has thousands of employees, with offices throughout the country but majorly in San Juan. The departments are divided into divisions, bureaus, offices, and services, each with specific duties.