Haifa ( Hebrew alphabet חיפה, Standard Hebrew Ḥefa, Tiberian Hebrew Ḥęp̄āh; Arabic حيفا Ḥayfā) is the third largest city in Israel, with a population close to 300,000. Areas and towns around it are deemed to be in the Haifa District, of which it is also a part. It is a seaport, located below and on Mount Carmel, and lies on the Mediterranean coast.
1 History
Haifa is first mentioned in written records (including the Talmud) around 3rd century AD, as a small Jewish town near Shikmona , the main town in the area at that time. It had been under Byzantine rule until the 7th century, when it was conquered first by the Persians, then by the Arabs. In 1100For alternate uses, see Number 1100. Events William II of England dies in a hunting accident Henry I becomes King of England Baldwin I becomes King of Jerusalem. Baldwin of Bourcq becomes Count of Edessa. Dagobert of Pisa becomes Latin Patriarch of Jerusa, it was conquered again by the crusadersThe First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II at Clermont, France with the objective of regaining control of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims, and also of giving military assistance to the Byzantine Empire against the Seljuk Turks., after a fierce battle with its Jewish inhabitants. It then became part of the Principality of GalileeThe Crusader state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. There were also three other major Crusader states, the County of Edessa, the County of Tripoli, and the Principality of Antioch, which were. The town was taken again by the muslim Mameluks in 1265Events January 20 In Westminster, the first English parliament conducts its first meeting. Fire destroys parts of Old Cairo. Battle of Evesham August 4 Births Alfonso III of Aragon Emperor Fushimi of Japan May 14 Dante Alighieri, Italian poet. Deaths Simo, and was ruined and mostly abandoned until the 17th century16th century 17th century 18th century more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601- 1700. During this period, the power of England and the United Provinces increased; while that of.
In 1761Events January 16 British capture Pondicherry, India from the French. February 8 Earthquake in London breaks chimneys in Limehouse and Poplar March 8 Second earthquake in North London, Hampstead and Highgate In Dutch Guayana a “state” formed by escaped sl Daher El-Omar , BedouinMount Sinai Bedouin derived from the Arabic badawi , a generic name for a desert-dweller, is a term generally applied to Arab nomadic groups, who are found throughout most of the desert belt extending from the Atlantic coast of the Sahara via the Western ruler of Acre and Galilee, destroyed and rebuilt the town in a new location, surrounding it with a thin wall. This event is marked by many as the beginning of the town's modern era. After El-Omar's death in 1775, the town remained mostly under Ottoman rule until 1918, except for two brief periods: in 1799, Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Haifa as part of his brief and failed campaign to conquer Palestine and Syria, but withdrew the same year; and between 1831 and 1840, the town had been under the rule of the Egyptian viceroy Mehemet Ali, after having been conquered by his son Ibrahim Pasha. In the years following the Egyptian occupation, the town saw rise in traffic, population and importance, while Acre was declining due to the damages it suffered in a succession of battles and wars. The town saw another surge of development with the arrival of members of the Templar Society in 1868, who settled in Haifa and built their sturdy houses in the town's "german colony". The Templars greatly contributed to the town's commerce and industry, and played an important role in its stride towards modernization.
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As the major port in British-controlled Palestine, Haifa was a critical objective in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. It was captured on April 23rd, 1948 by elements of the Israeli Carmeli Brigade, resulting in the flight of about 60,000 Palestinian Arabs. Today, Haifa is a thriving and diverse cultural and ethnic center, home to Jews, Arabs, and Druze, and marked for its high level of coexistence.
