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| Hazel | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||
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| About 10 species, see text. |
The hazels are a genus of about ten species of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate northern hemisphere. The botanical name is Corylus, and is placed in the family Corylaceae, though some botanists include this family within the Betulaceae. They have simple, rounded leaves with double-serrate margins. The flowers are produced very early in spring before the leaves, and are monoecious, with single-sex catkin s, the male pale yellow and 5-12 cm long, the female very small and largely concealed in the buds, with only the bright red 1-3 mm long styles visible. The seedThis writeup is about biological seeds; for the Buddhist metaphor, see bija. A seed is the ripened ovule of gymnosperm or angiosperm plants. The importance of the seed relative to more primitive forms of reproduction and dispersal is attested to by the sus are nutsA nut in botany is a one-seeded (rarely two) simple dry fruit in which the ovary wall or part of it becomes very hard (stony or woody) at maturity. Most nuts come from pistils with inferior ovaries (see flower) and all are indehiscent (do not open at matu 1-2.5 cm long and 1-2 cm diameter, surrounded by an involucre (husk) which partly to fully encloses the nut; the shape and structure of the involucre are important in the identification of the different species of hazel.
The nuts obtained from the Common HazelThe Common Hazel Corylus avellana L. is a shrub native to Europe and Asia. It typically reaches 3-8 m tall, but can reach 15 m on occasion. The leaves are deciduous, rounded, 6-12 cm long and across, softly hairy on both surfaces, and with a double-serrat (Corylus avellana) are the common edible hazelnuts. This large shrub is grown extensively for its nuts. Nuts are also harvested from some of the other species, including the Filbert , from the closely related Balkan species Corylus maxima.
The Turkish Hazel (C. colurna) is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in Europe and North America; this species does not conform to the typical stereotype of hazels as being shrubs, instead being a large tree to 35 m tall and with a single straight, stout, trunk up to 1.5 m in diameter. It is very tolerant of difficult growing conditions in urbanUrban is in or having to do with cities, as distinct from rural areas. In terms of music, urban music and urban radio are synonymous with the terms rap or hip hop and Rhythm and blues, which typically originates in urban areas. In these contexts the term situations, which has increased its popularity in civic planting schemes in recent decades.
A number of ornamental cultivarA cultivar is a cultivated variety of a plant species. Modern cultivars are often, but not necessarily, hybrids between species; they may equally well represent particularly desirable selections from populations of a single species. Cultivars generally ars of the Common Hazel and Filbert are grown in gardenA garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation and enjoyment of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. In its most common form, known as a residential garden, it is found adjacent tos, including forms with contorted stems (C. avellana 'Contorta', popularly known as " Harry LauderSir Harry Lauder ( 4 August 1870 26 February 1950) was a famous Scottish entertainer. Born Henry Lauder at 4 Bridge Street Portobello, (then the residence of his mother’s father), he was the eldest son of John Currie Lauder (1851-1882), who had been born's walking stick" from its gnarled appearence); with weeping branches (C. avellana 'Pendula'); and with purple leaves (C. maxima 'Purpurea').
The species are grouped as follows:
Several hybrids exist, and can occur between species in different sections of the genus, e.g. Corylus x colurnoides (C. avellana x C. colurna).
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