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One of the Zionist movement's dreams was to establish a Hebrew university in the land of Israel. The establishment of the university was proposed as far back as 1884 in the Kattowitz conference. A major supporter of the idea was Albert Einstein, a Jewish physicist, who later bequeathed all his property and writings to the University.
The cornerstone for the university was laid in 1918, and, seven years later, on April 1, 1925, the Hebrew University campus on Mount Scopus of Jerusalem was opened at a gala ceremony attended, among others, by leaders of world Jewry including the University's chairman of the board, Chaim Weizmann, distinguished academic and communal figures, and British dignitaries including Lord Arthur James Balfour, Viscount Allenby and Sir Herbert Samuel.
Its first Chancellor was Dr. Judah Magnes .
By 1947, the University had grown to become a large, well established research and teaching institution. It comprised faculties or other units in humanities, science, medicine, education and agriculture, (the last at a campus in Rehovot); the Jewish National Library (later becoming the National Library of Israel , a University press; and an adult education center.
During the 1948 Arab-Israeli WarThe 1948 Arab-Israeli War called the War of Independence by Israelis and al Nakba "the catastrophe" by Arabs, was the first in a series of wars in the Arab-Israeli conflict. It established the state of Israel as an independent state, with the rest of the, the Arabs repeatedly attacked the University, located to the north east of Jerusalem, and convoys moving between the Israeli controlled section of Jerusalem and the University. After the attack on the Hadassah medical convoy massacreThe Hadassah medical convoy massacre was an event that took place in 1948 during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, approximately one month before Israel's declaration of independence. At the time, the area was still part of the British mandate of Palestine. in 1948, the Mount Scopus campus was cut off from the Jewish part of Jerusalem. When the JordanThe Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan commonly called Jordan is a country in the Middle East. It is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Saudi Arabia to the east and south, and Israel and West Bank to the west. It shares the coastlines of theian government reneged on the 1949 Armistice AgreementsThe 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and its neighbors Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. The agreements ended the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and outlined Israel's de-facto borders, also known as the Green Lin and refused Israeli access to the Mount Scopus campus, the university was forced to relocate to a new campus in Givat Ram in western Jerusalem which was completed in 1953. A few years later, together with the HadassahHadassah the Women's Zionist Organization of America is a volunteer women's organization, founded in 1912 by Henrietta Szold, American Jewish scholar and activist. Hadassah is the Hebrew name of the Biblical Queen Esther. It also means myrtle in Hebrew. Medical Organization, a medical science campus was built in the Jerusalem neighborhood of Ein Kerem in southwest Jerusalem.
By the beginning of 1967, the students numbered 12,500, spread among the two campuses in Jerusalem and the agricultural faculty in Rehovot.
After the reunification of Jerusalem in the Six-Day WarThe 1967 Arab-Israeli War also known as the Six-Day War or June War was fought between Israel and its Arab neighbors Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. As a result, Israel gained control of the Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. of June 1967, the University was able to go back to its original campus in Mount Scopus, which had to be reconstructed. In 1981, the construction work was completed, and the Mount Scopus campus again became the main campus of the University.
As of 2003, the University has four functioning campuses and nearly 23,000 students. It is considered by many as one of the world's leading universities.
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