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The town was established on October 30, 1864, following the discovery of gold along Last Chance Creek by the " Four Georgians". Helena's main street is named Last Chance Gulch and follows the winding path of the original creek through the historic downtown district.
The town was originally named "Crabtown", after John Crab, one of the "Four Georgians". As other miners arrived and the town expanded it was decided to change the name. After many suggestions, John Sommerville suggested the name of his home town, Saint Helena, Minnesota , but the pronunciation (Hel-E-na) did not suit the miners, who preferred HELL-en-a (emphasis on hell). Dropping "Saint" from the name as unnecessary, the new name Helena was adopted (defeating the name "Tomah" by only two votes).
The townsite was first surveyed in 1865 by Captain John Wood. However, most streets follow the chaotic paths of the miners, going around claims and following the winding streambed. As a result, few city blocks match the ideal of 30 x 60, rather they have an irregular variety of shapes and sizes. Many major streets deadend abruptly.
By 1888, about 50 millionaires lived in Helena, more millionares per capita than any city in the world. About $3.6 billion (in today's dollars) of gold was taken from Last Chance Gulch, over a 20-year period. The Last Chance Placer is one of the most famous placers in the western United States. Most of the production occurred before 1868. Much of the placer is now under the streets and buildings of Helena (but even as late as the 1970s, when repairs were being made to a Bank, a vein of placer gold was found under the Bank's foundation).
The official symbol of Helena is a drawing of "The Guardian of the Gulch", a wooden fire watch tower built in 1886, that still stands on "Tower Hill" overlooking the historic downtown district. This fire tower replaced a series of observation buildings, the original being a flimsy lookout stand built in 1870 on the same site, built in response to a series of devastating fires: April 1869, November 1869, October 1871, August 1872 and January 1874 that swept through the early mining camp.
The Civic Center and the Cathedral are two of many unique historic buildings in Helena.
Helena is located at 46°35'45" North, 112°1'37" West (46.595805, -112.027031) 1The following is a list of sources used in the creation of Wikipedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. These sources are cited within the thousands of articles which link to this page..
According to the United States Census BureauThe United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. Its mission is defined in the Constitution of the United States, which directs that the population be enumerated at least once every te, the city has a total area of 36.3 km˛ (14.0 mi˛This article is about the unit of measure. In England, the Square Mile is a traditional name for the City of London. A square mile (symbol sq. or mi is an imperial unit which is the area of a square whose side is one mile (or 5,280 feet). A square mile is). 36.3 km˛ (14.0 mi˛) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water.
As of the censusA census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). It can be contrasted with sampling in which information is only obtained from a subset of a population. As such it is a method used f 2The following is a list of sources used in the creation of Wikipedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. These sources are cited within the thousands of articles which link to this page. of 2000, there are 25,780 people, 11,541 households, and 6,474 families residing in the city. The population densityIf you were linked from a country article: the density there is based on land area, see below Population density can be used as a measurement of any tangible item. However it is most frequently applied to living organisms. Population density is usually ex is 710.5/km˛ (1,840.7/mi˛). There are 12,133 housing units at an average density of 334.4/km˛ (866.3/mi˛). The ethnic makeup of the city is 94.78% White, 0.23% African AmericanAfrican Americans also known as Afro- Americans or black Americans comprise an ethnic group in the United States of America whose dominant ancestry is from Sub-Saharan West Africa. Many African Americans also claim European, Native American, or Asian ance, 2.10% Native American, 0.78% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.38% from other races, and 1.66% from two or more races. 1.67% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 11,541 households out of which 27.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.5% are married couples living together, 10.4% have a female householder with no husband present, and 43.9% are non-families. 37.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.3% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.14 and the average family size is 2.83.
In the city the population is spread out with 22.4% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 39 years. For every 100 females there are 91.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 87.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $34,416, and the median income for a family is $50,018. Males have a median income of $34,357 versus $25,821 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,020. 14.5% of the population and 9.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 16.4% of those under the age of 18 and 8.3% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
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