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In his book Mare Liberum (Free Seas) he formulated the new principle that the sea was international territory and all nations were free to use it for seafaring trade. England, competing fiercely with the Dutch for domination of world trade, opposed this idea and claimed sovereignty over the waters around the British Isles.
(The dispute would later have important economic implications. The Dutch Republic supported the idea of free trade (even though it imposed a trade monopolyAlternate use: Monopoly (game In economics, a monopoly (from the Greek monos one + polein to sell) is defined as a market situation where there is only one provider of a product or service. Monopolies are characterized by a lack of economic competition fo on nutmegNutmeg and mace are two spices derived from the same plant, the nutmeg tree Myristica fragrans The nutmeg tree is indigenous to the Banda Islands of Indonesia but is also grown in the Caribbean, especially in Grenada. Several commercial products are produ and cloveThis article is about spices, the word clove is also used to describe a segment of a head of garlic and a clove hitch is a useful kind of knot. Cloves are the aromatic dried buds of a tree Eugenia caryophyllata also sometimes Syzygium aromaticum Myrtaceaes in the MoluccasThis page is about the geography and pre-1950 history of the island group in Indonesia for the political entity encompassing the southern portion of the islands, see Maluku (Indonesian province). See also North Maluku. The Maluku Islands (also known as th). England adopted the Act of Navigation ( 1651Events January 1 Charles II crowned King of Scotland in Scone. This is his first crowning. June 28 June 30: The biggest battle of the 17th century, Battle of Beresteczko, between Poles and Ukrainians, won by Poles. September 3 English Civil War: Battle of), forbidding any goods from entering England except on English ships. The Act subsequently led to the First Anglo-Dutch WarBattle of Scheveningen, 10 August 1653 by Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten, painted c. 1654, depicts the final battle of the First Anglo-Dutch-War . The First Anglo-Dutch War ( 1652- 54) (called the First Dutch War in England, and the First English War in the N ( 1652Events April 6 Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope, and founded Cape Town. May 18 Rhode Island passes the first law in North America making slavery illegal. May 29 First Anglo - 1654).)
Grotius supported the States General of Holland in its conflict with the stadtholder, Prince Maurice of Nassau, son of William of Orange. He was arrested by Maurice in 1618, together with Johan van Oldenbarnevelt. Van Oldenbarnevelt was executed, and Grotius was sentenced to life imprisonment in Loevestein castle. In 1621, he managed to escape the castle in a book chest, and fled to Paris. In the Netherlands, he is mainly famous for this daring escape. Both the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam and the museum Het Prinsenhof in Delft claim to have the original book chest in their collection.
Grotius lived in the the times of the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Netherlands and the Thirty Years' War between Catholic and Protestant European nations; it is not surprising that he was deeply concerned with matters of conflicts between nations and religions. Himself a Calvinist, he was a moderate who had many contacts with Catholics and hoped for a reunification of the Christian churches. In 1625 he published his book De jure belli ac pacis libri tres (Of laws of war and peace) where he presented his theory of just war and argued that all nations are bound by the principles of natural law.
Grotius wrote a book defending Christianity, called De veritate religionis Christianae (published 1660), which was translated into Arabic, Persian and Chinese by Edward Pococke for use in missionary work in the East. Both Edward Gibbon and Thomas Carlyle have exposed some pious lies in this book, which were omitted from the Arabic text by Pococke, although kept in the Latin one.
The Peace Palace Library in The Hague holds the Grotius Collection, which has a large number of books by and about Hugo Grotius. The collection was based on a donation from Martinus Nijhoff of 55 editions of De jure belli ac pacis libri tres.
The American Society of International Law has been holding an annual series of Grotius Lectures since 1999.
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