Home > IPA in Unicode
The International Phonetic Alphabet can be represented in Unicode. The following is an attempt at representing the IPA chart, using Unicode.There also exist systems for representing IPA in ASCII, including SAMPA, Kirshenbaum and other ad hoc systems to work around the difficulty of displaying IPA on computers.
Most IPA symbols are not included in Times New Roman, the default font for Latin scripts in Internet Explorer. To properly view IPA symbols in Internet Explorer, you could set your browser font to Arial Unicode MS (which comes with Microsoft Office) or another font that includes IPA extensions.
On this page, we have forced Arial Unicode MS, so it should appear correctly, but this will not apply to other pages. This also applies to other pages using special symbols. Bear this in mind if you see error symbols such as "𘚟" in articles.
Special symbols should display properly out of the box with Opera, Mozilla Firefox, and other modern browsers.
See also: Table of Unicode characters, 128 to 999, Unicode and HTML
1 Consonants (pulmonic)
International Phonetic Alphabet
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| Bilabial
| Labiodental
| DentalDentals are consonants articulated with either the lower or the upper teeth, or both. The alveolar consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are: Examples: English th in this ( SAMPA [D]), or English th in thing ( SAMPA [T]) are dental
| AlveolarAlveolars are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge, the internal side of the upper gums (known as the alveoles of the upper teeth). The alveolar consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are: See
| PostalveolarPostalveolar (or palato-alveolar consonants are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue between the alveolar ridge (the place of articulation for alveolar consonants) and the palate (the place of articulation for palatal consonants). The postalv
| RetroflexRetroflex consonants are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue curled up and back so the bottom of the tip touches the roof of the mouth. Retroflex consonants are common in the Indo-Aryan languages and the Dravidian languages; and can also be
| PalatalPalatal consonants are consonants articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). Consonants with other primary articulations may be palatalised that is, accompanied by the
| VelarVelars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth, known also as the velum . The velar consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are: Notes: #
| UvularUvular consonants are articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants. Most uvular consonants are either stops or fricatives, but a very small number of languages use them as nasa
| PharyngealA pharyngeal consonant is a type of consonant which is articulated with the root of the tongue against the pharynx. The pharyngeal consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are: See also place of articulation list of phonetics topics Ph
| Glottal
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| Plosive
| p b
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| t d
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| ʈ ɖ
| c ɟ
| k g
| q ɢ
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|
| ʔ
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| Nasal
| m
| ɱ
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| n
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| ɳ
| ɲ
| n
| ɴ
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| Trill
| ʙ
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| r
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|
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| ʀ
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|
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| Tap or Flap
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|
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| ɾ
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| ɽ
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| Fricative
| ɸ β
| f v
| θ ð
| s z
| ʃ ʒ
| ʂ ʐ
| ç ʝ
| x ɣ
| χ ʁ
| h ʕ
| h ɦ
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| Lateral Fricative
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|
| ɬ ɮ
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| Approximant
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| ʋ
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| ɹ
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| ɻ
| j
| ɰ
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| Lateral Approximant
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| l
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| ɭ
| ʎ
| ʟ
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- Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant.
- Shaded areas indicate articulations judged impossible.
