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Ideal gas (also called perfect gas) is a hypothetical fluid which obeys the gas laws exactly. It consists of molecules which occupy negligible space and undergo perfect elastic collisions with each other, with no intermolecular forces and no intramolecular storage of energy.At low density and high temperature, real fluids roughly approximate the behavior of an ideal gas. However, at lower temperature and high density, a real fluid deviates strongly from the behavior of an ideal gas, particularly as it condenses from a gas into a liquid or solid. These deviations are often approximated through quantum-mechanical statistic methods. At extremely low temperatures, the ideal gas concept may be extended to that of an ideal Fermi gas or Bose gas.
The ideal gas law relates physical conditions as follows:
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where
ThermodynamicsThermodynamics is the physics of energy, heat, work, entropy and the spontaneity of processes. Thermodynamics is closely related to statistical mechanics from which many thermodynamic relationships can be derived. While dealing with processes in which sys
