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The important property of In is that
whenever these matrix multiplications are defined. In particular, the identity matrix serves as the unit of the ring of all n-by-n matrices, and as the identity element of the general linear group GL(n) consisting of all invertible n-by-n matrices. (The identity matrix itself is obviously invertible, being its own inverse.)
The ith column of an identity matrix is the unit vector ei. Using the notation that is sometimes used to concisely describe diagonal matrices, we can write:
It can also be written using the Kronecker delta notation: