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Some physical features of Ireland are shown on this map. See also with more details.
The island of Ireland is located in northwest Europe in the north Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain. It is approximately 53° north of the equator and 8° west of the Greenwich meridian. It has a total area of 84,116 km˛ (32,477 mi˛). Ireland is separated from Britain by the Irish Sea and from mainland Europe by the Celtic SeaThe Celtic Sea is the sea area bounded by Wales, Ireland, and southwest England; the name is commonly used by workers in the oil industry to avoid nationalist significance. The Celtic Sea is separated from the Irish Sea by St. George’s Channel..
A ring of coastUnited States postal stamp. A coast is that part of an island or continent that borders an ocean, gulf, sea, or large lake. In geology and geography, the coast extends inland from the shoreline. The terms coast and coastal refer to the condition of beingal mountainThis article is about the landform. For other meanings, see Mountain (disambiguation). Mount Cook, a mountain in New Zealand A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally much higher and stes surrounds low central plainIn geography, a plain is a flat, largely treeless expanse of land. Plains may be more suitable for farming than plateaus or mountains. Famous plains can be found in North America and in Russia. List of famous plains: Australian Plains Indo-Gangetic plains. The highest peak is Carrauntuohill ( Irish: Corrán Tuathail), which is 1041 m (3414 feet). The island is bisected by the River Shannon, at 113 km (70 mi) the longest river in either Britain or Ireland, which flows south from northwest County Cavan to meet the Atlantic just south of Limerick. There are a large number of lakes, of which Lough Neagh is the largest. The island's lush vegetation earns it the sobriquet "Emerald Isle."
Ireland is divided into four provinces, Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster, and 32 counties. Six of the nine Ulster counties form Northern Ireland and the other 26 form the Republic of Ireland.
Politically, the island of Ireland is divided into:
This partition has existed since 1922, when the Irish Free State came into being as an independent state. Prior to that, the entire island was united politically under the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Prior to the Act of Union in 1800, it also had an all-Ireland parliament. See Irish States (1171-present).
In a number of areas, the island operates officially as a single entity, for example, in sport. The major religions, the Roman Catholic Church, the Church of Ireland and the Presbyterian Church of Ireland, are organised on an all-island basis. 92% of the population of the Republic of Ireland are Roman Catholic, and 40% in Northern Ireland. Some trades unions are also organised on an all-Irish basis and associated with the Irish Congress of Trades Unions (ICTU) in Dublin, while others in Northern Ireland are affiliated with the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in the United Kingdom. The island also has a shared culture across the divide in many other ways. Traditional Irish music, for example, though showing some variance in all geographical areas, is broadly speaking the same on both sides of the divide.
The island is often referred to as being part of the British Isles. However, many people, especially those from the Republic, take exception to this name, which seems to suggest that the whole island belongs to Britain. For this reason, "Britain and Ireland" is commonly used as a more neutral alternative. Another suggestion, although used much less, is the Islands of the North Atlantic (IONA).
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