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Born in Burg Mödrath, near Cologne (German: Köln), he studied at the Cologne Musikhochschule and University (1947-51), at Darmstadt in 1951 and with Olivier Messiaen in Paris (1951-53). From 1954 to 1956, at the University of Bonn, he studied phonetics, acoustics, and information theory and composition. After lecturing at the contemporary music seminars at Darmstadt (1957), Stockhausen gave lectures and concerts in Europe and North America.
Stockhausen has worked with serial and electronic procedures, with spatial placements of sound sources (for example in his noted work Gesang der Jünglinge), and with graphical notation. Stockhausen is unconcerned with musical tradition and his work is influenced by Messiaen and Anton Webern. He claims that he explores fundamental psychological and acoustic aspects of music. Despite his interest in electronic music he gives performers a large role in determining certain parameters of a composition. In Zyklus for example, the scoreMusical notation Sheet music is musical notation written down on paper; it is the musical analog of a book. Reading sheet music is the standard way to learn and perform a piece in some cultures and styles of music. In western classical music, it is very r is written so that the performance can start on any page, and it may be read upside down, or from right to left, or not, as the performer chooses.
In most of his works, elements are played off against one another, simultaneously and successively: in Kontrapunkte (1953) pairs of instruments and extremes of note values "confront" one another; in Gruppen (1959) fanfares and passages of varying speed (based on the harmonic seriesThis article is about the harmonic series in music theory. See harmonic series (mathematics) for the related mathematical concept. Pitched musical instruments are usually based on some sort of harmonic oscillator, for example a string or a column of air,) are flung between three full orchestras, giving the impression of movement in space.
Stockhausen has written over 200 individual works. He completed on a single enormous opera in seven parts, entitled Licht (1977-2002). In the early 1990s he gained access to all the recordings of his music he had made to that point, and began his own record company to make this music permanently available on compact discCD re-directs here; see Cd for other meanings of CD . A compact disc (or CD is an optical disc used for storing digital data. It was originally invented for digital audio and is also used as a data storage device, a CD-ROM. CD-ROM reading devices are a st. He also designs and prints his own musical scores. The score for his piece Refrain, for instance, is a circular ( refrainA refrain (from the Old French refraindre "to repeat," likely from Vulgar Latin refringere is the line or lines that are repeated in music or in verse; the " chorus" of a song. Poetic fixed forms that feature refrains include the villanelle the virelay an).
The dream of flying has accompanied Karlheinz Stockhausen's career since the very beginning. Back in the early 1950s, when he was enthralling some and infuriating others in the avant-garde community around the Darmstadt Summer Courses in New Music with his first works Punkte , Kontra-Punkte and Kreuzspiel he was already developing his first ideas for liberating musicians from the constraints of gravity. With his studio technicians he discussed ways of positioning instrumentalists on chairs that could be swung through the room on ropes.
This interest came to a head with the Helikopter-Streichquartett , completed in 1993. In this, the four members of a string quartetA string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string musical instruments or a piece written to be performed by such a group. Background Although any combination of four string instruments can literally be called a "string quartet", in practice the term r each perform from their own helicopterA helicopter is an aircraft which is lifted and propelled by one or more large horizontal rotors ( propellers). Helicopters are classified as rotary-wing aircraft to distinguish them from conventional fixed-wing aircraft. The word helicopter is derived fr flying above the concert hall. The sounds they play are mixed together with the sounds of the helicopters and played through speakers to the audience in the hall. Pictures of the performers are also transmitted back to the concert hall. The performers are kept in synchronicity with the aid of a click-track. Despite its extremely unusual nature, the piece has been given several performances, including one on 22nd August 2003 as part of the Salzburg FestivalThe Salzburg Festival is a prominent music festival in the Austrian town of Salzburg, the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart The festival was founded in 1877 but was discontinued in 1910. In 1918, at the close of World War I, the festival was revived b to open the Hangar-7 venue. The work has also been recorded by the Arditti Quartet.
Stockhausen and his music have been extremely controversial and influential. The influence of his Kontra-Punkte may be seen in Igor Stravinsky's Movements for piano and orchestra. Disparate musicians such as Can, Kraftwerk, Sonic Youth, Miles Davis, and Herbie Hancock cite Stockhausen as an influence. Stockhausen, himself, has incorporated most recent musical innovations he did not originate himself, such as in the LaMonte Young influenced Stimmung.
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