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He studied agriculture in ETH Zurich, Switzerland and Leipzig University, Germany and then worked in Latvia as an agriculture writer, lecturer, and manager. He was politically active during 1905 Revolution, and was arrested and left Latvia for several years afterward to avoid a second arrest. During this period, he studied agriculture in University of Nebraska and briefly worked there as a lecturer. He returned to Latvia in 1913, after Russian tsar granting an amnesty.
He was one of founders of Latvian People's Council ( Tautas PadomeTautas Padome (Latvia's People's Council) was a temporary council which declared Latvia's independence in 1918 and then acted as a temporary parliament until a Constitutional Assembly (Satversmes Sapulce) was elected. Tautas Padome was formed on November), which proclaimed Latvia's independence on November 18November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years), with 43 remaining. Events 1095 The Council of Clermont began. The council was called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land. 1302 Pope Boniface VIII issued the, 1918Events January January 8 President Woodrow Wilson announces his " Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I. February February 3 The Twin Peaks Tunnel begins service in San Francisco as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world (11,920 feet long).. He then became the first prime minister of Latvia. Ulmanis also founded the Latvian Farmer's Union, one of two most prominent political parties in Latvia of that time and was prime minister in several goverments between 1918Events January January 8 President Woodrow Wilson announces his " Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I. February February 3 The Twin Peaks Tunnel begins service in San Francisco as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world (11,920 feet long). and 1940Events January-February January 5 FM radio is demonstrated to the FCC for the first time. January 6 World War II: Mass execution of Poles, committed by Germans in the Poznan, Warthegau. January 12 World War II: Russia bombs cities in Finland. February 2 F.
On May 15, 1934, the prime minister Kārlis Ulmanis dissolved the parliament and established an authoritarian government. He allowed the president Alberts Kviesis to serve the rest of term until 1936, after which Ulmanis proclaimed himself president, in addition to being prime minister.
In 1940, Latvia was occupied by Soviet Union. Ulmanis ordered Latvians to show no resistance to the Soviet Army. The phrase "I will remain in my place and you remain in your places" from his radio speech on this occasion is still famous. Soon, he was arrested by the Soviets and died in a prison in Krasnovodsk (now in Turkmenistan) during World War II.
Ulmanis remains a controversial figure in Latvia. Some Latvians view him as a symbol of pre-World War II Latvia and credit him for its prosperity. Others think that a dictator cannot be a positive figure, even if his rule was a relatively prosperous one. A sign of Ulmanis still being very popular in Latvia is that his grand-nephew Guntis Ulmanis was elected president in 1993.
| Preceded by: Alberts Kviesis | President of Latvia | Succeeded by: Soviet occupation |
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