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They are the direct descendants of an early Slavic tribe of Pomeranians, who took their name from the fact that they settled down in Pomerania (from Slavic: Pomor'e - the land along the sea). It is believed that the ancestors of the Kashubians came into the region between the Oder and Vistula rivers over 1500 years ago. The oldest known mention of the name dates from the 13th century (a seal of prince Barnim I of Pomerania ), when they ruled areas around Szczecin (Kashubian: Szczecëno).
Kashubians living in the territories of the former Duchy of Pomerania, among them Slovincians, were almost entirely Germanised between the 14th and 20th centuries and lost their ethnic identity. Some of those living in Eastern Pomerania have survived and today regard themselves as Kashubians in the modern Poland.
The number of Kashubians depends in fact on definitions. A common estimate is that over 300,000 people in Poland are of the Kashubian ethnicity. The most extreme estimates are as low as 50,000 or as high as 500,000.
In the Polish census of 2002, only 5,100 people declared Kashubian nationality, although 51,000 declared Kashubian as their native language. Most Kashubians prefer to declare Polish nationality and Kashubian ethnicity, i.e. considering themselves both PolesThe Poles are a western Slavic ethnic group primarily associated with Poland and the Polish language. There are around 38 million Poles in Poland as well as autochthonous Polish minorities in the surrounding countries such as Germany, Ukraine, Romania, et and Kashubians. However, there was no option to declare different nationality and ethnicity or more than one nationality. Some claim that the census was falsified and many people were not allowed to declare their Kashubian nationality. However, barely a few such cases have been confirmed.
Their 'capital' city is GdanskFor alternative meanings of Gdansk and Danzig, see Gdansk (disambiguation) and Danzig (disambiguation Gdansk (pronounced: Media:Gdansk. ogg|[gdask]]]) is the 6th largest city in Poland, its principal seaport, and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodship. (Gdunsk) in Pomerania. Among the larger towns, GdyniaGdynia (pronounce: , Kashubian Gdini German name until 1939 Gdingen 1939-45 Gotenhafen is a city in the Pomeranian Voivodship of Poland and an important seaport at Gdansk Bay on the south coast of the Baltic Sea. Gdynia is located in Kashubia in Eastern P (Gdiniô) contains the biggest percentage of people of Kashubian origins. The main occupation of the Kashubians was fishing in the past and now it's mainly tourism.
In modern times around 50,000 Kashubians still speak KashubianKashubian Spoken in: Poland Canada Total speakers: 0. 2 Million Ranking:not ranked Geneticclassification: Indo-European Slavic West Lekhitic Kashubian Official status Official language of:no country (in official use in some counties of Pomeranian Voivodsh, a West Slavic language belonging to the Lekhitic group of languages in northern Poland. Many Polish linguists consider Kashubian to be a Polish dialect. In some towns and villages Kashubian is the second spoken language after PolishPolish polski jezyk polski is the official language of Poland. History Polish has been influenced by contact with foreign languages (foremost Latin, Czech, French, German, Italian, Russian and recently it has been virtually bombarded by English, especiall. The language appears on some streets signs and is also taught at schools.
The main organization that maintains the Kashubian identity is the Kashubian-Pomeranian AssociationThe Kashubian-Pomeranian Association ( Kashubian- Pomeranian: Kaszebsko-Pomorscze Zrzeszenie Polish: Zrzeszenie Kaszubsko-Pomorskie is the regional non-governmental organization of the Kashubians, Pomeranians and people interested in the regional affairs. A young group called "Odroda" is a fervent supporter of a renewal of Kashubian culture.
There are other traditional Slavic ethnic groups inhabiting Pomerania i.e. Kociewiacy, Borowiacy, Krajniacy and others. The dialects spoken by these are between Kashubian and the Polish dialects of Greater Poland and Mazovia. It might indicate that they are not only descendants of ancient Pomeranians but also settlers who arived to Pomerania from Greater Poland and Masovia in the Middle Ages. However this is only one possible explanation.
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