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Main article: History of Khants
Khants appear most likely in Russian records under the title as Yugra (ca. 11th century) when they had contact with Russian hunters and merchants. The abbrevation comes from Zyryan-Komi language jögra (khant). It is also possible that they were first recordered by the English king Alfred the Great (ca 10th century), who located Fenland ( wetland) to the east of the White Sea and Western Siberia.
Back in the 11th century, Yugra was actually a term of numerous tribes, each having its own centre and its own chief. Every tribe had two exogamic phatries, term mon't and por, and all members were considered to be blood relatives. This structure was laterwards replaced with clans, where each clan leader (knyaztsy) negotiated with the Russian realm. They also participated in Russian campaigns, and received the benefit to collect yasak (tribute) from two Khanty volosts (districts) respectively after their own favour. When this structure was no longer needed, Russia deprived them of their privileges.
Between the 17th and 19th centuries, there were attempts to introduce Christianity, but the Khanty lifestile did not undergo any real changes. In the second half of 19th century, they gradually obeyed state legalisation.
The Khanty is one of the few indigenous minorities of Siberia with an autonomy in the form of the okrug (autonomous county). The establishment of the autonomy has played a considerable role in consolidation of the ethnos (the Western Khants called their Eastern neigbours Kantők (the other peoples)). This process was intensified in the 1980s and '90s due to opposition to protect their common territory from industrial expansion of various ministries and agencies. The autonomy also has a great role to play in the retaining of the traditional culture and language.
Some considers Khants' ancestors to be the pre-historic metalworking Andronovo Culture.
Main article: Economy of Khants
Khants' traditionally occupation were fishery, taiga hunting and reindeer herding. They lived as trappers, thus gathering was of major importance.
Main article: Khant organisation
The Khanthy is one of the few indigenous minorities of Siberia with an autonomy in the form of the okrug (autonomous county).
Main article: Khant mythology
Khants are today Orthodox Christians, mixed with traditional beliefs (shamans, reincarnation).
Their historical shaman wore no special clothes except a cap.
Main article: Khanty language
Khanty language is a group belonging to the Ugric branch of the Uralic languages, consisting of ten dialects, divided into southern, northern and estern sub-groups, and closely related to Mansi language .
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