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Language education is the teaching and learning of a language or languages.There are several methods in wide use:
- Immersive language education places students in a situation where they must use a foreign language, whether or not they know it. This creates fluency, but not accuracy of usage.
- Tutoring by a native speaker is one of the best all-around methods. However it requires a motivated native tutor, which can be a rare, expensive commodity.
- Directed practice has students repeat phrases. This method is used by U.S. diplomatic courses. It can quickly provide a "phrasebook" knowledge of the language. Within these limits, the students' usage is accurate and precise. However the student's choice of what to say is not flexible.
- Absorptive has students listen to or view video tapes of language models acting in situations. Most instructors now acknowledge that this method is ineffective by itself.
- Grammatic instructs students in grammar, and provides vocabulary to memorize. Most instructors now acknowledge that this method is ineffective by itself.
- Eclectic methods combine the above into a single course of study. These are the most common.
1 Acronyms
- CALL - Computer assisted language learning
- The study or learning of English in an environment where English is already the predominant language, such as in an English speaking country, by someone whose first language is not English.
- EFL - English as a foreign language
- The study or learning of English in an environment where English is not already the predominant language, such as in a non English speaking country, by someone whose first language is not English.
- ESL - English as a second language
- The study or learning of English in an environment where English is the predominant language, by someone whose first language is not English.
- SLA - Second language acquisition
- TELL - Technology-enhanced language learning
- TEFL - Teaching English as a foreign Language
- The teaching of English in an environment where English is not already the predominant language, such as in a non English speaking country, to someone whose first language is not English.
- TESL - Teaching English as a second Language
- The teaching of English in an environment where English is the predominant language, to someone whose first language is not English.
- TESOL - Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (or) Teaching English as a Second or Other Language
- This acronym might be a substitute for TESL more than for TEFL. It is sometimes preferred over TESL because English can be a third, fourth or fifth, etc. language to a student.
- TOEFL - Test of English as Foreign Language
- TOEIC - Test of English for International Communication
- TPR - Total Physical Response
2 See also
- Bilingual education
- Computer-assisted language learning (CALL)
- Monolingual learners' dictionaries
- English grammar
- English language
- Grammar
- Language
- LinguisticsBroadly conceived, linguistics is the study of human language, and a linguist is someone who engages in this study. The study of linguistics can be thought of along three major axes, the endpoints of which are described below: Synchronic and diachronic Sy
- Second languageA second language is any language other than the first, or native, language learnt and used because of geographical or social reasons. Linguist Eric Lenneberg uses the term in his "Critical Period Hypothesis" to mean a language consciously learned or used
- Communicative language teachingCommunicative Language Teaching (CLT) is an approach to the teaching of second and foreign languages that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. Relationship with other methods and approaches Historically, C (CLT)
