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He was born in Helsinki, the son of a Professor of Engineering. He studied at Helsinki University from 1924, graduating in 1928 having studied under Ernst Lindelöf and Rolf Nevanlinna.
He assisted Nevanlinna in 1929 with his work on Denjoy 's conjecture on the number of asymptotic values of an entire function. Ahlfors was appointed lecturer in mathematics at the University of Turku. He completed his doctorate in 1930.
In 1935 he went to Harvard University and in 1936 he was one of the first two people to be awarded the Fields Medal. He returned to Finland in 1938 to take up a post at the University of Helsinki, but the outbreak of war led to problems although Ahlfors was unfit for military service. He was offered a post at the Federal Polytechnic Institute at Zurich in 1944 and finally managed to travel there in March 1945. He did not enjoy his time in Switzerland and jumped at a chance to leave, returning to work at Harvard where he remained until he retired in 1977; he was William Caspar Graustein Professor of Mathematics from 1964. He was awarded the Vihuri Prize in 1968 and the Wolf Prize in MathematicsPast winners of the Wolf Prize in Mathematics: 1978 Israel M. Gel'fand, Carl L. Siegel 1979 Jean Leray, Andre Weil 1980 Henri Cartan, Andrei Kolmogorov 1981 Lars Ahlfors, Oscar Zariski 1982 Hassler Whitney, Mark Grigoryevich Krein 1983/4 Shiing S. Chern, in 1981.
His book Complex Analysis ( 19531953 is a common year starting on Thursday (click on link for the calendar). Events January events January 7 President Harry S. Truman announces the United States has developed a hydrogen bomb. January 13 Marshal Josip Broz Tito chosen President of Yugosl) is still the standard text for most courses on the topic. Ahlfors wrote several other significant books, including Riemann surfaces (1960) and Conformal invariants (1973). During his career, he had made decisive contributions to meromorphic curves, value distribution theory, Riemann surfaces, conformal geometryDifferential geometry Conformal geometry In mathematics, conformal geometry is the study of the set of angle-preserving ( conformal) transformations on a "Euclidean-like space with a point added at infinity", or a "Minkowski-like space with a couple of po, quasiconformal mapping s, and other areas.