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Linköping [ˈˈlɪnʃøːpɪn] is a City in southern Sweden, in the Östergötland County and the Ostrogothia Province. With its surroundings it makes up the fifth largest Municipality in Sweden, Linköpings kommun, with 136,190 inhabitants ( SCB statistics of November 1, 2003). Of these, 94,298 live in the city itself ( SCB statistics of December 31, 2000).
The municipality borders in the west to Motala, and clockwise to Finspång, Norrköping, Åtvidaberg, Kinda, and MjölbyMjolby is a municipality in Ostergotland County, in southeast Sweden. The municipality covers an area of 549. Of the total population of 25,157, 12,532 are male, and 12,625 are female. The population density of the community is 46 inhabitants per km²..
Linköping is the center of an old cultural region and celebrated its 700th anniversary in 19871987 is a common year starting on Thursday. Events January January 1 Nunavut's capital changes it name to Iqaluit from Frobisher Bay. January 3 Aretha Franklin becomes the first woman inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. January 4 An Amtrak train. Dominating the city's skyline from a far distance is the tower of the cathedral.
The city is situated south of lake RoxenRoxen is a medium-sized lake in south central Sweden, east of lake Vattern, part of the waterpath Motala strom and Gota kanal. South of lake Roxen is the city Linkoping. Roxen, especially the eastern parts, is very good for bird watching. There are nature (which is part of the historically important water paths Motala strömMotala strom is the river system that drains lake Vattern, the second largest lake in Sweden, into the Baltic Sea. It is named from the city Motala where it begins. In the early 19th century, Gota kanal was constructed as a parallel to Motala strom. Swedi and Göta kanalGota Kanal is a Swedish canal constructed in the early 19th century. The canal stretches all the way from Gothenburg on the Swedish west coast, combined with river Gota alv and Trollhatte kanal, through the great lakes Vanern and Vattern, in parallel with) where the main road from StockholmStockholm ['stɔkhɔlm, ˘stɔkhɔlm] is the capital and the largest City of Sweden. The City of Stockholm is administratively a municipality within Stockholm County, the population of the city proper is 761,721 (2004), with to Helsingborg crosses the river StångånStangan is a small river in southern Sweden. It flows from the highlands of Eastern Smalandia in the South to lake Roxen in the North. It passes through Vimmerby, Kisa, and Linkoping. A great deal of the river is extended to a canal, Kinda kanal. Followin (and Kinda kanal ).
This road was part of the Eriksgata route that the newly elected king had to travel according to medieval Swedish Law. In the 20th century road system, it was first called Riksettan (national highway no 1). It is currently called E4 and has been redirected to pass outside the city on the north side. Further contributing to Linköping's excellent communications is its situation on the main southern railway line connecting Stockholm with Malmö and Danish capital Copenhagen. There is also a minor airport.
Palo Alto, California is a twin town to Linköping.__NOTOC__
Historically, Linköping is famed for being an early diocese, second in Sweden (within its pre- 1658 boundaries) only to Skara. The monastery of Vreta Kloster near Roxen north of Linköping was established in 1128, and the oldest parts of the cathedral are also from the 12th century (although it has been changed many times since then, the eye-catching tower being a 19th century product). At several occasions, attempts to achieve a separate Swedish archdiocese were based in Linköping, though when they finally were successful in 1164, Uppsala was chosen in stead.
Religious centers tend to become educational centers, and Linköping was no exception. The cathedral school is known from 1266, possibly the first in Sweden.
Also, Linköping was the site for the final settlement of the dispute between King Sigismund and his uncle Duke Charles, the latter prevailing in the battle of Stångebro (today a sports field near central Linköping) on September 25, 1598. This ultimately led to the rise to the throne of Charles (de facto at the Riksdag at Linköping in 1600 and formally four years later) and the end of the short-lived Swedish-Polish personal union, as well as the execution of five of Charles's political opponents on the main square of Linköping on March 20, 1600.
Linköping was a small town until 1937, when the Saab aircraft industry was formed, starting a period of rapid expansion. Linköping University was established in 1969. Today the city is a center of high-technology and software industry.