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Longest prefix match refers to an algorithm used by routers in Internet Protocol (IP) networking to select an entry from a routing table.Because each entry of a routing table may specify a range of addresses, one destination address may match more that one routing table entry. The most specific table entry—the one with smallest address range—is called the longest prefix match. It is called this because it is also the entry where the largest number of leading address bits in the table entry match those of the destination address.