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Mangroves are woody trees or shrubs that grow in mangrove habitats or mangal (Hogarth, 1999). The mangrove is often considered a type of biome. Mangrove habitat is exclusively tropical and tidal, and therefore having soil or sediment that is water-logged and saline or of variable salinity. Areas where mangal occurs includes estuaries and marine shorelines. A wide variety of plant species can be found in mangrove habitat, but some 54 species in 20 genera, belonging to 16 families constitute the "true mangroves" — species that occur exclusively in mangrove habitats and rarely elsewhere (Hogarth, 1999).The roots of the mangrove plants stabilize the sand and mud. In areas of the world where mangroves have been removed for development purposes, the coastline has been subject to rapid erosion. They also provide a habitat for wildlife.
The mangrove species, Sonneratia, growing on the landward margin of the reef flat on Yap and showing abundant pneumatophores
1 Species of mangroves
The following listing (after Tomlinson, 1986) gives the number of species of mangroves in each listed plant genus and family.
1.1 Major components
- Family Avicenniaceae
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- Family Combretaceae
- Laguncularia – 1
- Lumnitzera – 2
- Family Arecaceae
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- Family Rhizophoraceae
- Bruguiera – 6
- Ceriops – 2
- Kandelia – 1
- Rhizophora – 8
- Family Sonneratiaceae
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1.2 Minor components
- Family Bombacaceae
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- Family Euphorbiaceae
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- Family LythraceaeLythraceae : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales Lythraceae Genera Adenaria Ammannia Capuronia Crenea Cuphea Decodon Didiplis Diplusodon Galpinia Ginoria Haitia Heimia Hionanthera Koehneria Lafoensia Lagerstroemia Lawsonia Lourtella Lythrum
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- Family MeliaceaeSee text The Meliaceae or the Mahogany family is a flowering plant family of mostly tropical trees and shrubs in the order Sapindales, characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules and by syncarpous, usually bisexual flowers borne in
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- Family MyrsinaceaeSee text Myrsinaceae or the Myrsine family is a rather large family from the order Ericales. It consists of 35 genera and about 1000 species. It is a widespread family belonging to temperate to tropical climates extending North to Japan, Mexico and Florid
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- Family Myrtaceae130; see list The Myrtaceae or Myrtle family are a family of dicotyledon plants, placed within the order Myrtales. Myrtle, clove, guava, feijoa, allspice, and eucalyptus belong here. The plants are mostly woody, with essential oils, and most flower parts
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- Family Pellicieraceae
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- Family PlumbaginaceaePlumbaginaceae Perez's Sealavender ''Limonium perezii : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Caryophyllales Plumbaginaceae Genera (examples) Armeria Ceratostigma Limonium Plumbago The Plumbaginaceae are a family of flowering plants that includes a nu
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- Family Pteridaceae
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- Family RubiaceaeSee text The Rubiaceae are a family of dicotyledon plants, variously called the madder, bedstraw, or coffee family. Other plants placed here include the cinchona, partridgeberry, gambier, ixora, and aal. A list of genera from is given below; note it split
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- Family Sterculiaceae
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