Martinius Wessels Pretorius ( 1819 - 1901) was a South AfricanBoerpolitical figure. He was the last Head of State of Potchefstroom between 1853 and 1856. He then served as the first president of Transvaal from 1857 until 1860, and again between 1864 and 1871. He also served as the president of the Orange Free StateThe Orange Free State ( Afrikaans: Oranje Vrystaat was the historical precursor to the present day Free State province of the Republic of South Africa. The current province, extending between the Orange and Vaal rivers, was established as a free state by from 1859Events January 2 Erastus Beadle publishes The Dime Book of Practical Etiquette''. February 14 Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U. February 16 George Washington Gale Ferris Jr born February 16, 1859 Galesburg, Knox, IL March 26 French amateur astronomer clai until 1863Events January-March January 1 Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War. January 1 The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska January 8 Ground is broken in Sacramen. Finally, he served as the joint head of state of Transvaal between 1880Events January 1 Construction of the Panama Canal begins February 2 The first electric streetlight is installed in Wabash, Indiana February 13 Thomas Edison becomes the second person to observe the Edison Effect. February 17 Bomb explodes in Winter Palace and 1883Events January January 16 The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil service, is passed January 19 The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service ( Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas E.
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