Home > Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation, later extended. He formulated a hierarchy of human needs, and his theory contends that as the basic needs are met humans desire higher needs.1 Pyramid of needs
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often depicted as a pyramid consisting of five levels: the four lower levels are grouped together as deficit needs, the top level is referred to as being needs. While deficit needs can be met, being needs are a continuing driving force. The basic idea of this hierarchy is, that higher needs come into focus only after all needs lower in the pyramid are met. Growth forces result in upward movement on the hierarchy, whereas regressive forces push prepotent needs down in the hierarchy.
1.1 Deficit needs
The deficit needs (also termed D-needs by Maslow) are:
1.1.1 Physiological needs
The body aims to achieve homeostasis, an equilibrium of different factors (water content of the blood, salt content, sugar content, protein content, fat content, calcium content, oxygen content, constant hydrogen-ion level/acid-base level, constant blood temperature). This is obtained with food, drinks, sleep, shelter, fresh air, a proper temperature, etc. If all of a human's needs are unmet then the physiological need takes the highest priority. Given hunger for love and food, a human is more likely to find a solution for the latter first. As a result all of the other desires and capacities are pushed on to the back burner.
1.1.2 Safety needs
When the physiological needs are met then the human turns towards safetySafety is the condition of being protected against failure, breakage, error or accidents. Protection involves here both causing and exposure. See also Air safety Protective clothing Risk management Road safety Safety engineering Security Ilities In Americ needs. Safety attains the highest priority over all other desires. A functioning society tends to provide this to its members. Recent examples of failure include SomaliaSomalia ( Somali: Soomaaliya Arabic: As-Sumal , formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic is an African country that exists solely in a de jure capacity. Somalia has no recognized central government authority, national currency, or any other featur and AfghanistanAfghanistan ( Dari/ Pashtu: Afgnistn is a country in Central Asia. It is bordered by Iran in the west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the easternmost part of the country. It is among the. Sometimes the desire for safety outweighs the desire to easily satisfy physiological needs; for example, during Kosovo WarThe term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts (a civil war followed by an international war) in the southern Serbian province called Kosovo (officially Kosovo and Metohia), part of th many residents of KosovoKosovo and Metohija ( Serbian: Albanian: Kosova , usually called just Kosovo is an autonomous province of Serbia (which together with Montenegro constitutes Serbia and Montenegro). It is currently administered by the United Nations following the recent Ko chose to inhabit a secure area instead of an insecure area, the latter having more definite access to food. In the United States, government and media propaganda could much more easily manipulate public opinion after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacksThe attacks of September 11, 2001 were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. Nineteen members of the al-Qaida militant Islamist group hijacked four aircraft. They crashed two into the two towers of the; fear of insecurity factors powerfully into social calculus.
However, in the case of acute danger, safety comes before physiological needs (for example eating).
1.1.3 Love needs (belonging needs)
If safety and physiological needs are met then the human being gravitates towards achieving fulfilment of love needs. A note worth making here is that sex is not equivalent to love. While love can and is often expressed sexually, sexuality can at points be considered solely for its physiological basis. However this is not typically how it is expressed.
