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It usually accompanies a change of habitat or of habits but may occur without such change. It was once thought that in those cases where the animal's habitat remains unchanged metamorphosis followed a series of forms representing evolutionary ancestors of the species in question (see ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny), but this is no longer thought to be the case.
The first type of metamorphosis is illustrated by many insects and by amphibians. Immature dragonflies are aquatic though the adults are flying insects, and frogs undergo a metamorphosis from an aquatic tadpole to an amphibious adult form. Change of habits is illustrated by the transformation of the free-swimming young of many aquatic invertebrates into sessile adults (eg sea squirts), and the development of butterflies and moths from caterpillars with chewing mouthparts into flying insects with sucking mouthparts.
The second type is illustrated by many crustacean species, whose young undergo significant physical metamorphosis without changing habits or habitat significantly.
The immature stages of a species that undergoes metamorphosis are designated by the term larvaA larva ( Latin; plural larvae is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). The larva can look completely different from the adult form, for example, a caterpillar differs from a bu. In the complex metamorphosis of many insect species, however, only the first stage is called a larva and sometimes even that bears a different name; the distinction depends upon the nature of the metamorphosis.
Some insects hatch from the eggIn some animals, an egg is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum. It nourishes and protects the embryo. Oviparous animals are animals that lay eggs, with little or no other development within the mother. This is the reproductive way of many already having the general form of the adult, and the metamorphosis to adult form is usually marked mainly by the development of wingFor some other uses of the word "wing" please see Wing (disambiguation . Laughing Gull on the beach in Atlantic City. Birds' bones are hollow, to cut down on weight and allow flight A wing is a surface used to produce an aerodynamic force normal to the dis. This type of metamorphosis is called simple, gradual, or incomplete metamorphosis, and the young are called nymphNymphs : For the use of the term "nymph" in biology, see nymph (biology . For the use of the term "nymph" in terms of fishing, see nymph (fishing . Hylas and the Nymphs by John William Waterhouse In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large classs, or naiadsIn Greek mythology, the Naiads (from the Greek νειν, "to flow," and νμα, "running water") were a type of nymph who presided over fountains, wells, marshes, springs, rivers, streams, brooks, ponds and lakes. They were associa when aquatic. It is often found in the order Mantodea or genus Stagomantis , which is commonly known as the praying mantisFor the self-defence technique, see Praying mantis kung fu. For the 1988 naval battle, see Operation Praying Mantis. A praying mantis or praying mantid is a kind of insect, of the family Mantidae (order Mantodea , named for their "prayer-like" stance.. They do not undergo stages like a caterpillar to a butterfly. Instead they undergo several stages where the nymphNymphs : For the use of the term "nymph" in biology, see nymph (biology . For the use of the term "nymph" in terms of fishing, see nymph (fishing . Hylas and the Nymphs by John William Waterhouse In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class praying mantis looks like a smaller-sized, wingless adult and ends the metamorphosis with fully developed wings.
Insects with complete metamorphosis pass through a larval stage and then enter an inactive state known as a pupaChrysalis of Gulf Fritillary Georgetown, South Carolina A pupa (plural: pupae or pupas is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage only occurs in insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis. It follows the larval stage a, finally emerging as the adult form. A number of beetle species and Strepsiptera undergo hypermetamorphosis, with a sequence of different larval forms preceding pupation.
Whether the insect spends more time in its adult stage or in its juvenile form depends on the individual species; notable examples of the latter are the mayfly, whose uneating adult stage lives a single day, and the cicada, whose juvenile stage lives underground for seventeen years. However, these species have incomplete metamorphosis; typically (though not exclusively), species in which the adult form outlives the juvenile form undergo complex metamorphosis.
| Species | Egg | Larva/Nymph | Pupa | Adult |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Housefly | 1 day | 2 weeks | 1 weeks | 2 weeks |
| Ladybug | 4 days | 2 weeks | 2 weeks | 3-9 months |
| Monarch Butterfly | 4 days | 2 weeks | 10 days | 2-6 weeks |
| Periodical Cicada | 1 month | 13/17 years | no such stage | 2 months |
| Mayfly | 1 month | 3 years | 1 day | |
| Cockroach | 1 month | 3 months | 9 months |