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Methionine (Met, M. C5H11NO2S) is a essential nonpolar amino acid, and a lipotropic.
It and cysteine are the only sulfur containing amino acids that are coded for by DNA ( Homocysteine is an amino acid and contains sulfur, but is a product of S-adenosylmethionine 1 carbon metabolism and is not coded for by DNA). Methionine is a methyl donor as S-adenosyl methionine (SAM). It is incorporated into the N-terminal position of all proteins in eukaryotes and archaea, though it may be removed by post-translational modification ( bacteria incorporate N-formyl methionine instead). Methionine can also occur at other positions in the protein. It plays a role in cysteine, carnitine and taurine synthesis by the transsulfuration pathway , lecithinLecithin is usually used as synonym for phosphatidylcholine a phospholipid which is the major component of a phosphatide fraction which may be isolated from either egg yolk (in Greek lekithos λεκιθος), or soy production, the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and other phospholipidA phospholipid is a lipid that is a primary component of cell membranes. Phospholipids consist of a water- soluble head (a positively charged ( polar) group), linked to two water-insoluble nonpolar tails (by a negatively charged phosphate group). Both tais. Improper conversion of methionine can lead to atherosclerosisAtherosclerosis is a disease of arterial blood vessels. Venous vessels are not involved unless surgically moved to function as an artery. Atherosclerosis is commonly referred to as a "hardening of blood vessels", but this is an over-simplification. Vascul. Methionine is a chelating agent.
Methionine is one of only two amino acids encoded by just one codon (AUG) in the standard genetic codeThe genetic code is a set of rules, which maps DNA sequences to proteins in the living cell through the mechanism of protein synthesis. Nearly all living things use the same genetic code, called the standard genetic code and all use small variations of it ( tryptophanTryptophan is an amino acid and essential in human nutrition. It is one of the 20 amino acids in the genetic code ( codon UGG , and its symbol is Trp or W''. Molecular formula: C H N O Molecular weight: 204. 23 Isoelectric point: pH 5. 89 CAS number: 73-2, encoded by UGG, is the other).
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