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Michiel Adriaenszoon de Ruyter ( March 24, 1607 – April 29, 1676) is the most famous admiral in Dutch history. De Ruyter fought the English in the first three Anglo-Dutch Wars and scored several huge victories.
De Ruyter was born in Vlissingen and became a sailor at the age of 11 in 1618. At the age of 22 he was already captain of a merchant ship. In 1641 he fought the Spanish, teaming up with the Portuguese.
In the First Anglo-Dutch WarBattle of Scheveningen, 10 August 1653 by Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten, painted c. 1654, depicts the final battle of the First Anglo-Dutch-War . The First Anglo-Dutch War ( 1652- 54) (called the First Dutch War in England, and the First English War in the N ( 1652Events April 6 Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope, and founded Cape Town. May 18 Rhode Island passes the first law in North America making slavery illegal. May 29 First Anglo– 1654Events April 5 Signing of the Treaty of Westminster, ending the First Anglo-Dutch War. June 3 Louis XIV of France crowned at Rheims June 6 Charles X succedes his cousin Christina to the Swedish throne. After her abdication on June 5, Christina now the for) De Ruyter proved his worth under Admiral Maarten Tromp1597 1653, after an engraving by Jan Lievensz. Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp ( April 23, 1598 August 10, 1653) was an officer and later admiral in the Dutch navy. Born in Den Briel, Tromp sailed the seas from the age of nine, and joined the Dutch navy as a l, winning the Battle of PlymouthThe Battle of Plymouth 26 August 1652 was a naval battle of the First Anglo-Dutch War. General-at-Sea George Ayscue of the Commonwealth of England, commanding a fleet of 40 men-of-war and 5 fire ships, attacked an outward bound convoy of the United Provin. Soon after Tromp had been killed at the Battle of Scheveningen10 August 1653 by Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten, painted c. 1654 shows the view of the battle from the Dutch shore where thousands gathered to watch. The Battle of Scheveningen (also known as the Battle of Texel or the Battle of Ter Heide was the final naval De Ruyter took over the command of the Dutch fleet. Much later he would have to contest command of the fleet with Tromp's son Cornelis Tromp1629 1691 by Sir Peter Lely, painted c. Cornelis Tromp ( September 9 1629 May 29 1691) was a Commander in chief of the Dutch navy. Tromp was born in Rotterdam, the son of Admiral Maarten Tromp and Dignom Cornelis de Haes. He served in the First Anglo-Dutc, but remained on top.
In 1659 he fought the Swedes, teaming up with the Danish.
A year before the Second Anglo-Dutch War started he fought the English at the African coast, near Guinea.
In the Second Anglo-Dutch War ( 1665– 1667) his most famous battles were the Four Days Battle 1666 and the Raid on the Medway 1667. The Medway raid was a costly and embarrassing defeat for the English, bringing the Dutch close to London.
De Ruyter saved the situation for the Dutch in the Third Anglo-Dutch War. His victories over larger Anglo-French fleets at the Battles of Solebay ( 1672) and Texel (Kijkduin) ( 1673) warded off invasion.
De Ruyter was highly respected by his sailor soldiers, because of his dislike of hierarchy (himself being of humble origin), while at the same time not shying away from bold decisions.
De Ruyter was fatally wounded in a battle against the French fleet near Messina in Sicily in 1676. His body was buried in the Nieuwe Kerk (New Church) in Amsterdam.
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