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Minarchists often disagree on government's ideal size. Radical minarchists usually agree that government should be restricted to its " minimal" or " night-watchman" state functions of government (e.g., courts, police, prisons, defense forces). Some minarchists include in the role of government the management of essential common infrastructure (e.g., roads, money). Others, in a stance sometimes labeled a " slippery slope", include much additional infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, social security). Some of these minarchists, in a manner more pragmatic than principled, tolerate the government's current domain and consider it more urgent to prevent the expansion of government than to reduce its role. Minarchists are generally opposed to government programs that either transfer wealth or subsidize certain sectors of the economy.
Minarchists usually explain their vision of the state by referring to basic principles rather than arguing in terms of pragmatic results. For example, in his book Anarchy, State and Utopia Robert Nozick defines the role of a minimal state as follows:
Prominent minarchists include Benjamin Constant, Herbert SpencerHerbert Spencer ( 27 April 1820 8 December 1903) was an English philosopher. He was born in Derby. Educated mostly at home, Spencer worked first as a railways civil engineer beginning at age 16, writing in his spare time. In 1848, Spencer became a sub-edi, Leonard ReadLeonard E. Read ( 1898 1983) was the founder of the Foundation for Economic Education, which was the first modern libertarian think tank in the United States. After a stint in the Air Corps during World War I, Read started a grocery wholesale business in, Ludwig von MisesLudwig von Mises ( September 29, 1881, Lwow October 10, 1973) was a notable economist and a major influence on the modern Libertarian movement. He was born in Austria-Hungary and subsequently taught at the University of Vienna in the years 1913 to 1934, w, Friedrich HayekFriedrich August von Hayek ( May 8, 1899 March 23, 1992) was an economist and social scientist of the Austrian School, noted for his defense of free-market capitalism against a perceived rising tide of socialist thought in the mid-20th century. He also ma, James M. BuchananFor the president of this name, see James Buchanan. James McGill Buchanan Jr. born October 3, 1919) is an economist most renowned for his work on Public Choice Theory, and who won the 1986 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobe, Milton FriedmanMilton Friedman (born July 31, 1912) is a U. economist, known primarily for his advocacy of laissez-faire capitalism. In 1976 he was awarded the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. His book Free to Choose coauthored with h, Ayn Randpostage stamp honoring Rand. Ayn Rand ( February 2, 1905 March 6, 1982; first name rhymes with "mine"), born Alissa "Alice" Zinovievna Rosenbaum was a controversial American novelist and philosopher, most famous for her philosophy of Objectivism, and her, John HospersJohn Hospers (born 9 June 1918) was the first presidential candidate of the United States Libertarian Party, running in the 1972 presidential election. He and his vice-presidential running mate, Theodora Nathan, received one electoral vote from Roger MacB, Robert Nozick, Henry David Thoreau (See especially his essay "Civil Disobedience", online at http://www.cs.indiana.edu/statecraft/civ.dis.html ).
A directly competing theory is eco-anarchism, which some consider a form of minarchism. This view considers anarchism basically correct about all relationships between humans, but requires some rules for dealings with non-humans and the ecosystems that provide nature's services to them. The "night watchman" can thus be distilled into a "forest ranger" or "game warden" but the basic anarchistic principles are unchanged.
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