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The Great St Bernard Pass, still snowy even in June, has long been a major route through the Alps.
Topographically, a pass has the general form of a saddle between two mountains (the elevation as a function of two position coordinates is mathematically a saddle point). They are often found just above the source of a river, constituting a sort of "bridge" over to the headwaters of a different river. Passes may be very short, consisting of steep slopes to the top of the pass, or valleys of many kilometers, whose highest point is only identifiable by surveying. Roads have been long been built through passes, and more recently railways. Some high and rugged passes may have tunnelSwitzerland subway. canal tunnel. A tunnel is an underground passage. When designed for use by traffic, it may be called an underpass . It may be for pedestrians and/or cyclists, for general road traffic, for motor vehicles only, for rail traffic, or fors bored underneath, so as allow faster traffic flow year-round.The top of a pass is frequently the only flat ground in the area, a high vantage point, so it is often a preferred site for buildings. For countries whose borders are delimited by a mountain range, the pass is typically part of the border, and the facilities likely include a border controlBorder control is a term that describes how a country polices its borders. In most countries a Customs service of some sort controls the flow of people, animals and goods across a border. Reasons for having border controls include: Limiting immigration. or customsCustoms is the plural of custom, a common practice among a group of people. Customs duty is a tariff or tax on the import or export of goods. Traditionally in England, it was part of the customary revenue of the king, and therefore did not need parliament station, and possibly a military post as well. For passes with roads, it is also customary to have a small roadside sign giving the name of the pass and its elevationElevation has several related meanings: Geography The elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or possibly some other fixed point). A topographic map shows variations in elevation by contour lines. Elevation is mainly used wh above mean sea levelThe term above mean sea level AMSL refers to the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of any object, relative to the average sea level. AMSL is used extensively in radio (both in broadcasting and other telecommunications uses) by engineers t.
There are thousands of named passes around the world; some, such as the Great St. Bernard PassThe Great St Bernard Pass ( Fr. Col du Grand St Bernard is a historic pass through the Alps, with evidence of use as far back as the Bronze Age, and more recently the path of Napoleon's army into Italy in 1800. Saint Bernard of Menthon founded a hospice f in the Alps, the Khyber PassThe Khyber Pass (also called the Khaiber Pass in old documents) is the most important pass connecting Pakistan with Afghanistan. It cuts through Sefid Koh mountains, part of the Hindu Kush range. For several millennia it has been an important caravan rout between AfghanistanAfghanistan ( Dari/ Pashtu: Afgnistn is a country in Central Asia. It is bordered by Iran in the west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the easternmost part of the country. It is among the and Pakistanand khunjrab pass (18000 feet) between Pakistan and China are familar names.
The word "gap" is more commonly used in the southern Appalachians, while "notch" is more common in New England.
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