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A municipality or general-purpose district (see also: special-purpose district) is an administrative local area generally composed of a clearly defined territory and commonly referring to a city, town, or village government.Municipalities are not necessarily the same as townships.
In most countries, this is the smallest administrative subdivision that has its own democratically elected representative leadership. In several European countries, municipalities as second level entities are refered to as communes.
1 Municipalities as second level entities
- In Australia, a municipality is a city, or shire and is a subdivision of a state
- In Austria, a municipality (Gemeinde) is part of a district (Bezirk), which is in turn part of a stateThe States of Austria or Bundeslander (singular Bundesland , are the federal states of Austria. The nine Bundeslander with ISO 3166-2 code are: States of Austria EnglishGerman ISO State capital Area¹ Population² Gov web BurgenlandBurgenlandAT-1B Eisenstad (Bundesland).
- In BelgiumFor alternate meanings, see Belgium (disambiguation). Belgian redirects here. For the horse breed commonly used as a draft horse, see Belgian. The Kingdom of Belgium ( Dutch: Belgi French: Belgique German: Belgien is a country in Western Europe, bordered, a municipality ( gemeente/commune) is part of a province ( provincie/provinceBelgium is a federal state and is composed of three communities three regions and four linguistic regions . Two out of the three regions each comprise as well each five provinces making a total of ten provinces. Belgium also comprises 589 municipalities .)
- In Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina is a mountainous country in the western Balkans. Its capital is Sarajevo and it was formerly one of the six federal units constituting Yugoslavia. The republic gained its independence in the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s and due to the, a municipality (opcina) is
- part of a canton ( kantonCantons are provincial units used in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. They are called Kantoni in Bosnian Kanton in the singular form) and upanije in Croatian upanija in the singular form). Bosnian cantons were created by the Bosniak-Croat Accords)
- a subdivision (grouped in regionsThe Republika Srpska is composed of 63 municipalities. These are grouped into seven regions: # Banja Luka # Doboj # Bijeljina # Vlasenica # Sarajevo-Romanija or Sokolac # Srbinje # Trebinje The ethnically diverse Brcko District is a division of its own un)
- In BrazilThis article is about Brazil, the country. For other article subjects named Brazil see Brazil (disambiguation). The Federative Republic of Brazil Republica Federativa do Brasil in Portuguese) is the largest and most populous country in South America., a municipality (municķpio) is part of a state ( estado)
- In Canada, a municipality is a city, town, township or regional municipality which has been incorporated by statute by the legislatures of the Provinces and territories of Canada
- In Chile, a municipality (comuna) is part of a province ( provincia )
- In Croatia, a municipality (opcina) is part of a county ( upanija)
- In Denmark, a municipality ( kommune) is part of a county ( amt)
- In Finland, a municipality ( kunta/kommun) is part of a province ( lääni/län)
- In France, a municipality ( commune) is part of a department ( département)
- In Germany, a municipality ( Gemeinde ) is part of a district ( Kreis). Larger entities of the same level are named city (Stadt).
- In Italy, a municipality ( comune) is part of a province ( provincia) which is part of a region ( regione).
- In Japan, any government other than the Japanese national government is called a municipality.
- In Mexico, a municipality (municipio) is subdivision of a state ( estado).
- In the Netherlands, a municipality ( gemeente) is part of a province ( provincie).
- Every part of mainland New Zealand is part of either a "city" (mostly urban) or a "district" (mostly rural). The term "municipality" has become rare in New Zealand since about 1979 and has no legal status.
- In Norway, a municipality ( kommune) is part of a county ( fylke)
- In the Philippines, a municipality ( bayan) is part of a province ( lalawigan) and is composed of barangays.
- In Romania, a municipality (comuna) is part of a county ( judet)
- In Serbia, a municipality ( optina) is part of a county ( okrug)
- In Sweden, a municipality ( kommun) is part of a county ( län).
- In Switzerland, a municipality ( commune/Gemeinde/comune) is part of a canton ( canton/Kanton/cantone) and defined by cantonal law.
- In the United States, the entities that have status as a municipality vary from state to state. Cities, towns, boroughs, or villages are common terms for municipalities. Townships, counties, and parishes are not generally considered to be municipalities, although there are exceptions. In some states, towns have a non-municipal status similar to townships.
