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Nadir Shah (Nadir Qoli Beg) ( October 22, 1688 - June, 1747) was a Shah of Persia who ruled 1736- 1747 and who was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty . He has sometimes been described as the Persian Napoleon.
He was born in the Dastgerd region of Khorasan (now in Iran). His father was a poor peasant and died while Nadir was still a child. Nadir and his mother were carried off as slaves by the Özbegs , but Nadir managed to escape. He had joined a robber band while he was still a boy. By 1717 he became their leader.
In 1719 the Afghans had invaded Persia. With 5000 supporters Nadir supported the Safavid dynasty ruler Tahmpas II in his war against the Afghan usurper Mahmud Ghilzai . Later, Nadir deposed Tahmpas II and placed his infant son Abbas III on the trone, declaring himself regent in 1732. Nadir defeated the Afghans in the Battle of Damghan , 1729Events July 30 Baltimore, Maryland is founded. First printing press was established in Ottoman Empire (app. 300 years after it was first used in western civilization) by Ibrahim Muteferrika. Births January 12 Edmund Burke, statesman, philosopher January 2. He drove out the Afghans who were occupying Persia by 1730Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III ( 1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730- 1754) Anna Ivanova ( Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births July 12 Josiah Wedgwood, potter (died 1795) July 26 Charles Me. Nadir took the throne in 1736, taking the title Nadir Shah.
In 1738Events April 15 - Premiere in London of Serse an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel. November 13 Ratification of the Treaty of Vienna The excavation of Herculaneum, a Roman city buried by Vesuvius in AD 79, begins. John and Charles Wesley form the Me, he conquered KandaharKandahr (or Qandahr is a city in southern Afghanistan, the capital of Kandahar province. The province has 567,000 people (based on 1979 data), while the city has around 200,000 (based on a 1989 estimate). It is the second largest city in Afghanistan and m and KabulKabul Kabool Kbool is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan with a population variously estimated at 2 to 4 million. It is an economic and cultural center strategically situated in a narrow valley along the Kabul River, high in the mountains before. He continued on to IndiaThe Republic of India is a large multicultural country in South Asia, with a population of over one billion. The Indian economy is the fourth largest in the world, in terms of purchasing power parity, and is the world's second-fastest growing economy., defeating the great Mughal army of Mohammad Shah at the Battle of Karnal, February 24 1739. Beginning on March 20, 1739, Nadir had Delhi plundered, in the process massacring 30000 of its people. He returned home with vast treasures, including the Peacock Throne, which thereafter served as a symbol of Persian imperial might, and the Koh-i-Noor diamond. He left Delhi at the beginning of May 1739, taking with him a few thousand Indian girls (both Hindu and Muslim), a large number of boys as slaves and thousands of elephants, horses and camels loaded with the booty his men had collected. The plunder seized from India was so rich that Nadir stopped taxation in Iran for next three years.
In 1740 Nadir had Tamasp II and his two infant sons put to death.
In 1741, after an assassination attempt on him failed, Nadir suspected his oldest son Reza Quli Mirza as being responsible for conspiracy and had him blinded.
Nadir was assassinated in 1747, and the empire he had conquered fell apart shortly afterward.
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