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This engineer, artist and intellectual was born in Spain, in the Catalan city of Figueres, as the son of a cooper. Monturiol went to high school in Cervera and got a law degree in Barcelona in 1845Events January 29 The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the first time New York Evening Mirror . March 1 President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas. March 3 Florida is admitted as the 27th U. although he would never work as a lawyer.
His friendship with Abdó Terrades brought him to join the Republican Party and to sympathize with the socialist ideas of Étienne Cabet . He supported the Catalan participation in the utopistSee Utopia (disambiguation) for other meanings of this word Utopia in its most common and general meaning, refers to a hypothetical perfect society. It has also been used to describe actual communities founded in attempts to create such a society. The adj community IcariaThis article is about Icaria a Greek island. See Icaria (utopia) about the imaginary society described by Etienne Cabet. Icaria also spelled Ikaria, is a Greek island 10 nautical miles (19 km) south-west of Samos. It is one of the biggest islands of the e and New IcariaThis article is about Icaria a Greek island. See Icaria (utopia) about the imaginary society described by Etienne Cabet. Icaria also spelled Ikaria, is a Greek island 10 nautical miles (19 km) south-west of Samos. It is one of the biggest islands of the e and he had to exile in FranceThe French Republic or France ( French: Republique francaise or France is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. in 18481848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). Events Sri Lanka The Revolution of 1848 (qv. a series of widespread but failed struggles for more liberal governments, from Brazil to Hungary. January 24 California gold rush: Jame because of his political ideas.
Upon his return he learned the job of typesetter and set up a print where he edited La madre de familia (1846) and La Fraternidad (1847-48) which was the first communist newspaper of Spain.
His stay in Cadaqués allowed him to observe the dangerous job of coral harvesters where he even witnessed the death of a man who drowned while performing this job. This prompted him to think of submarine navigation and in September 1857 he went back to Barcelona and organized the first commercial society in Spain dedicated to the exploration of submarine navigation with the name of Monturiol, Font, Altadill y Cia. and a capital of 10,000 pesetas.
In 1858 presented his project in a scientific thesis titled The Ictineo or fish-ship. The first dive of his first submarine, Ictineo I, took place on September 1859 in the harbour of Barcelona.
The Ictineo I had a length of 7 meters, a beam of 2.5 meters and 3.5 meters depth and its intended use was to ease the harvest of coral. The interior most resistant wooden hull was spherical and had 7 m3 capacity whereas the external hull was a fish-shaped cylinder with elliptical section inspired by the prototype of Wilhelm Bauer that had already sailed in 1851. Between the two hulls there were flotation tanks, a tank that supplied oxygen for breathing and illumination and an hydrogen tank that supplied and oxhidric lamp for illuminating the water depths. The Ictineo I employed a flat fin propeller powered by a crew of four men.
Immersion was achieved by means of an horizontal helix that could turn in both senses and pumps of density and air for the purposes of ensuring stability and flotation. The prow was equipped with a set of tools suited to the harvest of coral since this was the original purpose of the submersible.
The partial success of this dive brought popular enthusiasm but no support from the government. As a result, Monturiol wrote a letter to the nation and encouraged a popular subscription which raised 300,000 pesetas from citizens of mainland Spain and Cuba.
With the money obtained, the company La Navegación Submarina was formed with the objective of developing the Ictineo II.
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