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During the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, with the rise of the national state, most countries adopted a national anthem, which in some cases coexists with other commonly sung patriotic songs. The oldest song purporting to be a national anthem is the "Wilhelmus" from The Netherlands, it was written between 1568 and 1572 during the 80 year war. It is unusual among national anthems, in that it that it does not refer to a country but to a monarch. More typically, anthems seek to reflect the unity of a nation by galvanzing the history, traditions and struggles of its people.
As anthems first rose to prominence in Europe in the nineteenth century the style of music common then has continued to be used in almost every national anthem. Even in nations of Africa and Asia, where western orchestral music was a foreign notion, the national anthem is still usually in European style. Only a handful of non-European countries have anthems rooted in indigenous traditions, most notably Japan, with the oldest ever anthem of Kimigayo, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar.
Some other countries have challenged the dominance of dated orchestral music. In Australia, for instance, the official anthem since 1984 has been " Advance Australia Fair", but there is much support for the folk ballad " Waltzing Matilda" as a national song, even a candidate for the national anthem. Certainly, more Australians know all the words of the latter song.
The majority of national anthems are either marches or hymns in style. The countries of Latin America tend towards more operatic pieces, while a handful of countries use simple fanfareA fanfare is a short piece of music played by trumpets and other brass instruments, frequently accompanied by percussion, usually for ceremonial purposes. The term is also used symbolically, for instance of occasions for which there is much publicity, eve. Because of their brevity and need for relative simplicity, most national anthems are of little interest musically. Some of the notable exceptions are the anthems of the USSR, the EU, GermanyThe Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland is one of the world's leading industrialized countries, located in the middle of the European Union. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark and the Baltic Sea, to the east and HungaryThe Republic of Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. It is known locally as the Country of the Magyars or Magyarorszag''. Magyar Koztarsasag ( In Detail) ( Full s.
The French anthem " La MarseillaiseThis article is about the anthem "La Marseillaise". A sculpture popularly called "La Marseillaise" is part of the sculptural programme of the Arc de Triomphe. La Marseillaise is the national anthem of France. History La Marseillaise is a song written and" was written by the otherwise unknown Claude Joseph Rouget de LisleClaude Joseph Rouget de Lisle ( May 10, 1760 June 26, 1836) was a French composer who composed La Marseillaise the French national anthem in 1792. External link Lisle, Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, Claude Joseph Rouget de Rouget de Lisle, Claude Joseph.; the tune of " The Star-Spangled Bannerbroadside on September 17 under the title "The Defence of Fort M'Henry," with an explanatory note explaining the circumstances of its writing. Of the five copies made, two are known to still exist. Fort McHenry. 1814 copy of "The Star-Spangled Banner" was" was taken from " To Anacreon in Heaven" by the otherwise unknown Englishman John Stafford Smith; and " God Save the Queen" was written by a composer whose identity to this day is not known with any certainty at all. While the music to the German anthem was written by Joseph Haydn to the words " Gott erhalte den Kaiser ," it became notorious during the Nazi era as " Deutschland, über Alles ."
Amongst the very few countries to have an anthem written by a world renowned composer are: Austria, which uses a tune written by Mozart; Germany, which uses one by Joseph Haydn; and the Vatican City, whose anthem was written by Charles Gounod. Similarly, few anthems have been praised for having lyrics of great poetry, although the noted poet Rabindranath Tagore wrote the lyrics both for the Indian and for the Bangladeshi national anthems.
National anthems are used in a wide array of contexts. Universally they are played on national holidays and festivals. They have also come to be closely connected to sporting events. At the Olympics the national anthem of the gold medal winner is played at each medal ceremony. National anthems are also played before games in many sports leagues. In some countries the national anthem is played to students each day at the start of school. In other countries the anthem is played in a theatre before a play or in a cinema before a movie. Many television stations have adapted this and play the national anthem when they sign on in the morning and again when they sign off at night.
Many states also have unofficial anthems, and countries may also have royal anthems, presidential anthem s, state anthem s, or anthems for sub-national entities that are also officially recognized.
Larger entities also sometimes have anthems. The tune of the "Ode to Joy" from Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 is the official anthem of the European Union; the United Nations and the African Union also have unofficial anthems.
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