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| Click image for description | |||||||
| Discovery | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Discovered by | Urbain Le Verrier John Couch Adams Johann Galle | ||||||
| Discovered on | September 23, 1846 | ||||||
| Orbital characteristics ( Epoch J2000) | |||||||
| Semi-major axis | 4,498,252,900 km 30.068 963 48 AU | ||||||
| Orbital circumference | 28.263 T m 188.925 AU | ||||||
| Eccentricity | 0.008 585 87 | ||||||
| Perihelion | 4,459,631,496 km 29.810 795 27 AU | ||||||
| Aphelion | 4,536,874,325 km 30.327 131 69 AU | ||||||
| Orbital periodThe orbital period is the time it takes a planet (or another object) to make one full orbit. There are several kinds of orbital periods for objects around the Sun: The sidereal period is the time that it takes the object to make one full orbit around the | 60,224.9036 dTo help compare orders of magnitude of different times this page lists times between 109 seconds (a gigasecond and 1010 seconds (32 years and 320 years). See also times of other orders of magnitude Shorter times 63 years half-life of titanium-44 68. 9 yea (164.89 aA Julian year is the length of a year in the Julian calendar, 365. Astronomers still use the Julian year as a fundamental unit for ephemeris work, since it provides a quick and simple conversion to Julian dates. Note a Julian year is not the same as a Gre) | ||||||
| Synodic period | 367.49 d | ||||||
| Avg. Orbital Speed | 5.432 km/s | ||||||
| Max. Orbital Speed | 5.479 km/s | ||||||
| Min. Orbital Speed | 5.385 km/s | ||||||
| InclinationInclination is one of the six orbital parameters describing the shape and orientation of a celestial orbit and is the angular distance of the orbital plane from the plane of the reference (usually planet's equator or the ecliptic), stated in degrees. | 1.769 17° (6.43° to Sun's equator) | ||||||
| Longitude of the ascending node | 131.721 69° | ||||||
| Argument of the perihelion | 273.249 66° | ||||||
| Number of satellites | 13 | ||||||
| Physical characteristics | |||||||
| Equatorial diameter | 49,528 km [1] (3.883 Earths) | ||||||
| Polar diameter | 48,681 km (3.829 Earths) | ||||||
| Oblateness | 0.0171 | ||||||
| Surface area | 7.619×109 km2 (14.937 Earths) | ||||||
| Volume | 6.2526×1013 km3 (57.723 Earths) | ||||||
| Mass | 1.0243×1026 kg (17.147 Earths) | ||||||
| Mean density | 1.638 g/cm3 | ||||||
| Equatorial gravity | 11.00 m/s2 (1.122 gee) | ||||||
| Escape velocity | 23.5 km/s | ||||||
| Rotation period | 0.6713 d (16 h 6.5 min) | ||||||
| Rotation velocity | 9658.40 km/h (at the equator) | ||||||
| Axial tilt | 28.32° | ||||||
| Right ascension of North pole | 299.33° (19 h 57 min 20 s) | ||||||
| Declination | 42.95° | ||||||
| Albedo | 0.41 | ||||||
| Surface temp. |
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| Atmospheric characteristics | |||||||
| Atmospheric pressure | 100-300 kPa | ||||||
| Hydrogen | >84% | ||||||
| Helium | >12% | ||||||
| Methane | 2% | ||||||
| Ammonia | 0.01% | ||||||
| Ethane | 0.00025% | ||||||
| Acetylene | 0.00001% | ||||||
Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun, and the outermost gas giant in our solar system. Due to Pluto's eccentric orbit, Neptune is sometimes the furthest planet from the Sun. Neptune is named after the Roman god of the sea. Its symbol is a stylized representation of the god's trident ( Unicode: ♆).
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