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Home > New Zealand Labour Party

The New Zealand Labour Party formed as a political party in 1916, bringing together socialist groups advocating proportional representation and "the Recall" of Members of Parliament, as well as the nationalisation of production and of exchange. Its origins lie in the British working-class movement, heavily influenced by Australian radicalism and events such as the Waihi miners' strike.

The leadership, generally UK-born colonial immigrants to New Zealand, sufferred widespread imprisonment for opposition to conscription in World War I, but the Party survived to grow during the 1920s. The rigours of the Great Depression brought Labour (fronted by Michael Joseph Savage) to power in a landslide election in 1935.

Vigorous programmes of social and welfareWelfare economically speaking, refers to money paid by the government to persons who are in need of financial assistance, but who are unable to work, or whose circumstances mean the income they require for basic needs is in excess of their salary (e. reform (such as the state housingA state house is the meeting place, in a U. state capital, of the state legislature. See, for instance, the Maryland state house. In New Zealand, a state house is a house constructed by the government to rent to private citizens who might otherwise not be scheme), aided by political pacts with the MaoriMori is the name of the indigenous people of New Zealand, and their language. It is also the name of the people and language of the Cook Islands, referred to as Cook Islands Mori . The word maori means "normal" or "ordinary" in the Mori language and is wi RatanaBoth a religion and a pan-tribal political force, the Ratana movement was founded by T. Ratana ( 1873 1939) in the early 20th century New Zealand. Ratana rose to fame as a faith healer and spiritual leader in the years after World War One. In 1925 his fol movement, kept the Labourites in Government in the 1938 electionThe 1938 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 26th term. It resulted in the governing Labour Party being re-elected, although the newly-founded National Party gained a certain amount of, despite internal disputes and the ultimate expulsion of John A. Lee .

Labour lost office in the 1949 elections , failed to capitalise on the Waterfront Strike of 1951Events January events January 9 United Nations headquarters officially opens ( New York City). January 15 Ilse Koch, The "Witch of Buchenwald," wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in We, and remained in the political wilderness of opposition until (barely) winning the election of 1957 under the leadershipIn common usage, leadership generally refers to: the position or office of an authority figure, such as a President a group of influential people, such as a union leadership guidance or direction, as in the phrase "the emperor is not providing much leader of Walter Nash, the last foreign-born head. Arnold Nordmeyer's [in]famous Black Budget dashed any hopes of a second term at the election of 1961 , and the Party had to await the advent of Norman Kirk (Big Norm) before regaining the Treasury benches in the 1972 elections. Kirk's death in office left the Party (subsequently led by Bill Rowling) unable to win against the Muldoon landslide in the election of 1975.

After a long period in opposition, with politics dominated by an increasingly authoritarian Muldoon, David Lange restored Labour's fortunes in the 1984 elections. The resulting period was tumultuous, with Labour's controversial ministers Roger Douglas and Richard Prebble driving rogernomics, a rapid introduction of " free market" reforms and privatisation of government assets. However a widely popular anti-nuclear-ships policy gave something to the left wing of the party. Constant economic upheavals eventually saw the retirement of Lange from the Prime Ministership and his replacement first by Geoffrey Palmer in 1989, then by Mike Moore in 1990. However the changes could not save the party and it lost the election in 1990 to National's Jim Bolger.

During the period in opposition, Helen Clark as Labour leader achieved a measured repudiation of rogernomics and (eventually) engineered a return to office in the election of 1999, and subsequently reelection in the election of 2002

In early 2004, the Labour Party came under attack for its policies on the foreshore and seabed controversy. There were significant internal tensions within the party, eventually culminating in the resignation of a junior minister, Tariana Turia and her defection to the new Maori Party.

The New Zealand Labour Party of 2004 has less socialist militancy, sparser Trade Union support and a broad agenda of centre-left co-operation with the Progressive Coalition while toying with notions of the Third Way and of Social Democracy. It remains by far New Zealand's largest electoral bloc, but under MMP electoral law seems less likely to govern alone than in coalition.

The following is a complete list of former Labour Party leaders.

• Harry Holland (1916 - 1933)
• Michael Joseph Savage (1933 - 1940)
• Peter Fraser (1940 - 1951)
• Walter Nash (1951 - 1963)
• Arnold Nordmeyer (1963 - 1965)
• Norman Kirk (1965 - 1974)
• Bill Rowling (1974 - 1983)
• David Lange (1983 - 1989)
• Geoffrey Palmer (1989 - 1990)
• Mike Moore (1990 - 1993)
• Helen Clark (1993 - )

Of these leaders, only two (Holland and Nordmeyer) never served as Prime Minister.

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