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Nineteen Eighty-Four (sometimes 1984, BooksEnthsiast.com) is a darkly satirical political novel by George Orwell. The story takes place in a nightmarish dystopia, in which an ever-surveillant State enforces perfect conformity among citizens through indoctrination, fear, lies and ruthless punishment. The bulk of the novel was written on the island of Jura, Scotland in the year 1948 (although Orwell had written small parts of it since 1945), and it was first published on June 8, 1949. It is Orwell's most famous work, and is the source of the word " Orwellian." The novel introduced the concepts of the ever-present, all-seeing Big Brother, the notorious Room 101, the thought police who use telescreens ( televisions that contain a surveillanceSurveillance is a process of close monitoring of behaviour. Although the word surveillance literally means (in French) "to watch from above" (i. a God's-eye view looking down from on-high) the term is often used for all forms of observation, not just visu camera - found in almost every room of the apartments of the characters in the novel), and the fictional language NewspeakNewspeak is a fictional language in George Orwell's famous novel Nineteen Eighty-Four''. Orwell included an essay about it in the form of an Appendix after the end of the novel, in which the basic principles of the language are explained. Newspeak is clos (pronounced 'new-speak').
Orwell had originally chosen the year 1980 for his work. But as the writing dragged on due to progression of his pulmonary TuberculosisTuberculosis is also called TB consumption (TB seemed to consume people from within with its symptoms of bloody cough, fever, pallor, and long relentless wasting), wasting disease White Plague (TB sufferers appeared markedly pale), phthisis (Greek for con, Orwell changed it to 1982 and then to 1984. There are various ideas as to the meaning of the title. It is widely thought that Orwell simply switched round the year in which he wrote it (1948), however it is also possibly an allusion to the centennary of the Fabian SocietyThe Fabian Society is a British socialist intellectual movement best known for its initial ground-breaking work beginning in the late 19th century and then up to World War I. Similar societies exist in Australia and New Zealand. Fabianism focused on the a, a Socialist organisation founded in 1884, or alternatively it may refer to Jack London's novel The Iron Heel, in which the power of a political movement reaches its height in 1984. A fourth possiblity is it is a reference to a poem his wife, Eileen O'ShaughnessyEileen Maud O'Shaughnessy ( September 25, 1905 March 29, 1945) was the first wife of Eric Arthur Blair (better known as George Orwell). O'Shaughnessy was born in South Shields, Tyne and Wear, in north east England, the only daughter of Marie O'Shaughnessy had written called End of the Century, 1984. Quite possibly the truth is something of a mixture of all, as Orwell was the master of double, and even treble meanings.
Along with Aldous HuxleyAldous Leonard Huxley ( July 26, 1894 November 22, 1963) was a British writer. Best known for his novels and wide-ranging output of essays, he also published short stories, poetry and travel writing. Biography Early years Huxley was born in Godalming, Sur's Brave New WorldThis is the article about the novel by Aldous Huxley. For the Iron Maiden album, see Brave New World. Brave New World is a 1932 dystopian novel by Aldous Huxley. The book anticipates developments in reproductive technology, eugenics and mind control that, the world of 1984 is one of the first and most cited characterizations of a realistic dystopia to have appeared in English literature. It has been translated into many languages. Orwell acknowledged the influence on 1984 of Yevgeny Zamyatin's Russian language novel We, completed in 1921.
The book starts on April 4th, 1984 (the first entry in Winston Smith's diary), at 1:00 PM ("It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen..."). The book is divided into three sections. Part One deals with the world of 1984. Part Two deals with Winston's forbidden sexual relationship with Julia, as well as Winston's eagerness to rebel against The Party. Part Three deals with Winston's capture and torture by O'Brien.
