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Ob (also Obi, Russian Обь) is a river in West Siberia, Russia, the country's longest.
It is known to the Ostiaks as the As, Yag, Kolta and Yema; to the Samoyedes as the Kolta or Kuay; and to the Siberian Tatars as the Omar or Umar.
It is formed 8 mi. southwest of Biysk in Altai Krai, by the confluence of the Biya and the Katun . Both these streams have their origin in the Altai (Sailughem) Mountains, the former issuing from Lake Teletskoye, the latter, 80 mi. long, bursting out of a glacier on Mount Byelukha . The Ob zigzags west and north until it reaches 55° N, where it curves round to the NW, and again N, wheeling finally eastwards into the Gulf of Ob, a deep (600 mi.) bay of the Arctic Ocean.
The river splits up into more than one arm, especially after receiving the large river Irtysh (from the South) in 69° E. Other noteworthy tributaries are: from the East, the Tom, the Chulym1) River in Krasnoyarsk Krai and Tomsk Oblast, right tributary of Ob River. Length is 1,799 km. 2) River in Novosibirsk Oblast, flows into Malyye Chany Lake. Length is 392 km. Russian rivers., the Ket , the Tym and the Vakh ; and, from the West and South, the VasyuganVasyugan , river in Russia, left tributary of the Ob River. Length 1082 km, navigable for 886 km from the mouth. Russian rivers., the Irtysh (with the IshimThe Ishim River (, another name is Esil River is a river running through Kazakhstan and Russia. Its length is 2450 km (1530 miles). It is a left tributary of the Irtysh River. The Ishim River is partly navigable and passes through Astana, the capital of K, the TobolTobol is a river in Kazakhstan and Russia, left tributary of Irtysh. Russian rivers.), and the Sosva .
The navigable waters within its basin reach a total length of 9300 mi. By means of the Turn, an affluent of the Tobol, it secures connection with the Ekaterinburg- PermFor the geologic period see Permian. For the hair treatment see Permanent wave. Perm (, pop. 1,000,100 as of 2003) is a city in Russia, on the banks of the Kama River, at the foot of the Ural Mountains the border between Europe and Asia. It is the capital railway at TyumenTyumen is a city in Russia, administrative center of Tyumen Oblast in the Siberian Federal District. It stands on the Tura River 2144 km east of Moscow. Population 510,700 (census 2002). Tyumen was the first Russian town in Siberia, founded in 1586 on the, and thus is linked on to the rivers KamaKama #x301 ( Tatar: Culman) is a river in Russia, left tributary of Volga (and the largest one in fact it is larger than Volga before junction). It starts in Udmurtia flowing east, then turns south and west in Perm Oblast, flowing through Udmurtia again a and Volga in the heart of Russia. Its own length is 3700 km (2260 mi.), and the area of its basin 2,600,000 km² (1,125,200 sq. mi.).
The combined Ob-Irtysh system, the second longest river system of Asia, is about 5410 km (about 3362 mi.) long. A system of canals, utilizing the Ket river, 560 mi. long in all, connects the Ob with the Yenisei.
The Ob is ice-bound at Barnaul from early in November to near the end of April, and at Obdorsk, 100 mi. above its mouth, from the end of October to the beginning of June. Its middle reaches have been navigated by steamboats since 1845.
Cities along the river include:
See also: Rivers of Russia
This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopędia Britannica. 1911 Britannica
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