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Home > Office of Strategic Services

Prior to the formation of the OSS, American intelligence had been conducted on an ad-hoc basis by the various departments of the executive branch, including include State, Treasury, Navy and War. They had no overall direction, coordination, or control. The Army and the Navy had separate code-breaking departments (Signal Intelligence Service and OP-20-G) that not only competed, but refused to share break-throughs. Also, the original code-breaking operation of the State Department, MI8, run by Herbert Yardley, had been shut-down in 1929 by Secretary of State Henry Stimson because "gentlemen don't read each other's mail". President Franklin D. Roosevelt was concerned about American intelligence deficiencies. He directed William J. Donovan, a New York lawyer, to draft a plan for an intelligence service.

The Office of Strategic Services was established in June 1942 to collect and analyze strategic information required by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and to conduct special operations not assigned to other agencies. During the War, the OSS supplied policy makers with facts and estimates but the OSS never had jurisdiction over all foreign intelligence activities - the FBI was responsible for intelligence work in Latin America, and the military jealously guarded their areas of responsibility.

The OSS helped arm, train and supply Anti-Japanese and Anti-German groups in World War 2, including Mao Tse TungMao Zedong ( December 26, 1893 September 9, 1976) was the chairman of the Communist Party of China from 1935 until his death. Under his leadership, it became the ruling party of mainland China as the result of its victory in the Chinese Civil War and the's Communist Forces in China, and Ho Chi MinhNationalist and Vietnamese Communist, who fought for a united Vietnamese state. Ho Chi Minh ( Vietnamese "H Chi Minh", Chinese ) (originally named Nguyn Sinh Cung and known as "Bac H" Uncle Ho in Vietnam) ( May 19, 1890 September 3, 1969) was a Vietnamese (Nguyen Ai Quoc)'s Viet MinhThe Viet Minh (abbreviated from Vit Nam Dc Lp Dng Minh Hi "League for the Independence of Vietnam") was formed in 1941 to seek independence for Vietnam from France. The league was led by Nguyen Tat Thanh better known as Ho Chi Minh. Ho Chi Minh, Le Duan, in French Indochina.

The OSS recruited and ran the most important spy of the Second World War , the German diplomat Fritz KolbeFritz Kolbe (operational alias George Wood (born 1900 to 1971) was a German diplomat who served as a spy against the Nazi regime for the United States during World War II. He refused to accept any payment for his activities because of his dislike for the.

In October 1945Events January January 5 The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of the Bulge. January 12 World War II: the OSS was dissolved and its functions were transferred to the Departments of State and War, its personnel being assigned to the SSU (Stragic Services Unit.) In 1947Events January January 1 British mines nationalized January 1 Nigeria gains limited autonomy January 1 The Canadian Citizenship Act went into effect January 3 Proceedings of the United States Congress are televised for the first time. January 10 United Na the National Security Act established America's first permanent peacetime intelligence agency, the Central Intelligence Agency, which took up the functions of the OSS.

External link: The CIA's OSS page

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