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Ötzi the Iceman (also spelled Oetzi) is the modern nickname of a well-preserved natural mummy of a man from about 3300 BC, found in 1991 in a glacier of the Ötztaler Alps, near the border between Austria and Italy. The nickname comes from the valley of discovery. It rivals Egyptian "Ginger" as the oldest known human mummy, and has offered an unprecedented view on the habits of Neolithic Europeans.
Ötzi was found by a couple of German tourists, Helmut and Erika Simon, on September 19, 1991. The body was at first thought to be a modern corpse, like several others which had been recently found in the region. It was roughly recovered by the Austrian authorities and taken to Innsbruck, where its true age was finally discovered. Subsequent surveys showed that the body had been located a few meters inside Italian territory. It is now on display at the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano, Italy.
Helmut Simon disappeared in October 2004 during a walk in the Alps, some 200 kilometers away from the place where Ötzi was found. He was found dead a week afterwards.
The body has been extensively examined, measured, x-rayIn the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. Rontgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 60 EHz). X-rayed, and dated. Tissues and gut contents were examined microscopically, as was the pollenSEM image of pollen grains from a variety of common plants: sunflower Helianthus annuus , morning glory Ipomea purpurea ,hollyhock Sildalcea malviflora , lily Lilium auratum , primrose Oenothera fruticosa , and castor bean Ricinus communis . Pollen is a f found on his gear.
At the time of his death, Ötzi was a 30-to-45-year old man, approximately 160 cmcm redirects here, alternate uses: cm (disambiguation A centimetre (symbol cm American spelling: centimeter is an SI unit of length. One centimetre is: one-hundredth of one metre one-tenth of a decimetre ten millimetres. millimetre << centimetre << decime tall. Analysis of pollen and dust grains and the isotopicIsotopes are atoms of a chemical element whose nuclei have the same atomic number, Z but different atomic weights, A''. The word isotope meaning at the same place comes from the fact that isotopes are located at the same place on the periodic table. The a composition of his teeth's enamel indicate that he spent his childhood near the present village of Feldthurns , north of Bolzano, but later went to live in valleys about 50 km further north.
He had 57 tattooA tattoo is design in ink or some other pigment, usually decorative or symbolic, placed permanently under the skin. In technical terms, tattooing is micro-pigment implantation. Tattoos are a type of body modification. Etymology The origin of the word tatts, some of which seem to correspond to acupunctureAlternative medicine Ming dynasty. Acupuncture (from Lat. acus ‘a needle’, and pungere ‘to prick’) is the practice of inserting very thin needles in particular acupuncture points on the body to improve health and well-being, and is one component of tradit points that coincide with the modern points that would be used to treat symptoms of diseases that Ötzi would seem to have suffered from (digestive parasites and degenerative bone disease).
His clothes, including a woven grass cloak and leather vest and shoes, were quite sophisticated. The shoes were waterproof and wide, seemingly designed for walking across the snow; they were constructed using bearskin for the soles, deer hide for top panels, and a netting made of tree bark. Soft grass went around the foot and in the shoe and functioned like warm socks.
Other items found with the Iceman were a copper axe with a yew handle, a flint knife with an ash handle, a quiver full of arrows with viburnum and cornus shafts and flint heads, and an unfinished yew longbow that was taller than him.
Among Ötzi's possessions were two species of polypore mushrooms. One of these (the birch fungus ) is known to have antibacterial properties, and was likely used for medical purposes. The other was a type of tinder fungus , included with part of what appeared to be a complex firestarting kit. The kit featured pieces of over a dozen different plants, in addition to flint and pyrite for creating sparks.
In 2004, three bodies of frozen Italian soldiers dead during the battle of San Matteo (1918) were found. One body was sent to a museum hoping that research on its preservation will help to find about Ötzi's past and future evolution.
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