 |
Business | Industries | Finance | Tax |
| Index: > A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
|
|||||
Its original inhabitants were the Pannonii (sometimes called Paeonii by the Greeks). From the 4th century BC it was invaded by various Celtic tribes. Little is heard of Pannonia until 35 BC, when its inhabitants, allies of the Dalmatians, were attacked by Augustus, who conquered and occupied Siscia ( Sisak). The country was not, however, definitely subdued until 9 BC, when it was incorporated with Illyria, the frontier of which was thus extended as far as the Danube.
In A.D. 7 the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, revolted, and were overcome by TiberiusTiberius Claudius Nero Caesar ( November 16, 42 BC March 16, AD 37) was the second Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from AD 14 until his death. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian—son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia—and was the adopted and GermanicusLouvre Germanicus Julius Caesar possibly "Nero Claudius Germanicus" before adoption ( 15 BC AD 19) was a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty of the early Roman Empire. Germanicus' parents were Nero Claudius Drusus, son of Livia Drusilla, wife of Caesar A, after a hard-fought campaign which lasted for two years. The proximity of dangerous barbarian tribes ( QuadiThe Quadi were a smaller Germanic tribe, about which little definitive information is known. The history of illiterate peoples is written by their opponents, and we can only know the Germanic tribe the Romans called the 'Quadi' through Roman eyes. No pott, MarcomanniThe Marcomanni were a Germanic people, probably related to the Suebi or Suevi. Their name derives from the Old German words for March (frontier) and Men. Drusus attacked them in 9 BC, forcing them into present-day Bohemia. In that region their king Marobo) necessitated the presence of a large number of troops (seven legions in later times), and numerous fortresses were built on the bank of the Danube.
Some time between the years 102Alternate uses, see Number 102''. Events Trajan returns to Rome after a successful campaign against Dacia. Trajan divides Pannonia into two portions sometime between this year and 107. Births Deaths Pope Clement I (traditional date) 102. and 107Alternate uses, see Number 107''. Events Trajan divided the Pannonia into two portions sometimes between 102 and this year. First year of yongchu era of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty. Births Deaths Ignatius of Antioch, bishop and theologian. Titus, disc, between the first and second Dacian wars, TrajanMarcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus ( September 18, 53 August 9, 117), Roman Emperor ( 98 117), commonly called Trajan was the second of the so-called " five good emperors" of the Roman Empire. Under his rule, the empire reached its greatest territorial extent. divided the provinceA Roman province (Latin, provincia was the largest territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's foreign possessions (beyond the Italian peninsula). The word province in modern English therefore has its origins in the term employed by the Roma into Pannonia superior (the western), and inferior (the eastern) portion. According to Ptolemy, these divisions were separated by a line drawn from Arrabona ( Gyor) in the north to Servitium (Gradiška) in the south; later, the boundary was placed farther east. The whole country was sometimes called the Pannonias (Pannoniae).
Pannonia superior was under the consular legate, who had formerly administered the single province, and had three legions under his control: Pannonia inferior at first under a praetorian legate with a single legion as garrison, after Marcus Aurelius under a consular legate, still with only one legion. The frontier on the Danube was protected by the establishment of the two colonies Aelia Mursia ( Esse) and Aelia Aquincum ( Alt-Ofen) by Hadrian.
Under Diocletian a fourfold division of the country was made:
Diocletian also moved parts of today's Slovenia out of Pannonia and into Noricum.
The native settlements consisted of pagi (cantons) containing a number of vici (villages), the majority of the large towns being of Roman origin. Other than the aforementioned towns, there also existed the cities of:
The country was fairly productive, especially after the great forests had been cleared by Probus and Galerius. Before that time timber had been one of its most important exports. Its chief agricultural products were oats and barley, from which the inhabitants brewed a kind of beer named sabaea. Vines and olive trees were little cultivated. Pannonia was also famous for its breed of hunting dogs. Although no mention is made of its mineral wealth by the ancients, it is probable that it contained iron and silver mines. Its chief rivers were the Dravus, Savus, and Arrabo, in addition to the Danuvius (less correctly, Danubius), into which the first three rivers flow.
In the middle of the 5th century Pannonia was ceded to the Huns by Theodosius II, and after the death of Attila successively passed into the hands of the Ostrogoths, Lombards, Avars (560's - c.800), Slavs (c.800 - 900) and Hungarians (since 900/901).
The ancient name Pannonia is retained in the modern term Pannonian plain.
Ancient Roman provinces| Politics | Business | Finance |
 |
 |
 |
|