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The Pará rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is of major economical importance because its sap (known as latex) can be collected and used to make rubber.
The tree can reach a height of over 30m; older trees yield more latex. The latex occurs in latex vessels in the bark, mostly outside the phloem. These vessel spiral up the tree in a righthanded spiral which forms an angle of about 30 degrees with the horizontal.
Incisions are made orthogonal to these vessels, just deep enough to tap the vessels but not harm the tree's growth.
The para rubber tree initially grew only in tropical South America, in the Amazon region. Increasing demand and the discovery of the vulcanization procedure in 1839 lead to a boom in that region, enriching the cities of Manaus and Belém.
There had been an attempt made, in 1873Events The United Kingdom declares war against Ghana's King Kofi KariKari, who was involved in the trading of slaves. The war ended by July and the British established the Gold Coast Colony. January 17 Indian Wars: First Battle of the Stronghold during th, to grow rubber outside BrazilThis article is about Brazil, the country. For other article subjects named Brazil see Brazil (disambiguation). The Federative Republic of Brazil Republica Federativa do Brasil in Portuguese) is the largest and most populous country in South America.. After some effort, twelve seedlings were germinated at the Royal Botanic Gardens, KewThe Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew are extensive gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond upon Thames and Kew in southwest London. They originated in the exotic garden at Kew House formed by Lord Capel of Tewkesbury, enlarged and greatly extended by. These were sent to IndiaThe Republic of India is a large multicultural country in South Asia, with a population of over one billion. The Indian economy is the fourth largest in the world, in terms of purchasing power parity, and is the world's second-fastest growing economy. for cultivation, but died. A second attempt was then made, some 70,000 seeds being sent to Kew in 1875. About 4% of these germinated, and in 1876 about 2000 seedlings were sent, in Wardian caseThe Wardian case the direct forerunner of the modern terrarium (and the inspiration for the glass aquarium), was invented by Dr. Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward (1791-1868), of London, in about 1829 after an accidental discovery inspired him. Dr Ward was a physicis, to Ceylon, and 22 sent to the Botanic Gardens in SingaporeThe Republic of Singapore ( Chinese , pinyin: Xinjiapo Gonghegu Malay Republik Singapura Tamil , Cingkappur Kudiyarasu , is an island city-state in Southeast Asia, at latitude 1°17'35"N longitude 103°51'20"E, situated on the southern tip of Malay Peninsul. Once established outside its native country, rubber was extensively propagated in the British colonies. By 1898, a rubber plantation had been established in Malaya, and today most rubber tree plantations are in Southeast Asia and some also in tropical Africa. Efforts to cultivate the tree in its native South America were unsatisfactory.
