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A pattern is a form or model (or, more abstractly, a set of rules) which can be used to make or to generate things or parts of a thing, especially if the things that are generated have enough in common for the underlying pattern to be inferred or discerned, in which case the things are said to exhibit the pattern. The detection of underlying patterns is called pattern recognition.
The simplest patterns are based on repetition: several copies of a single template are combined without modification. For example, in aviation, a "holding pattern" is a flight path which can be repeated until the aircraft has been granted clearance for landing.
Pattern recognition is more complex when templates are used to generate variants. For example, in English, sentences often follow the "N-VP" (noun - verb phrase) pattern, but some knowledge of the English language is required to detect the pattern.
Pattern recognition is studied in many fields, including psychology, ethology, and computer science.
Some patterns (for example, many visual patterns) may be directly observable through the senses.
Some patterns are named. Examples include the regular tiling of a plane , echoes, and balanced binary branching.
The planets of our solar system are caught in an incredibly ancient pattern by the gravity of the Sun. The planets have been following their (very predictible) elliptical orbits for billions and billions of years. There is certainly a recognizable pattern/ cycle there.
Fractals are mathematical patterns. Naturally occurring patterns obey certain principles also found in fractals, for example self-similarityA self-similar object is exactly or approximately similar to a part of itself. A curve is said to be self-similar if, for every piece of the curve, there is a smaller piece that is similar to it. For instance, a side of the Koch snowflake is self-similar;. Even though self-similarity in nature is only approximate and stochastic, integral measures describing fractal properties can also be applied to natural "fractals" like coastal line s, tree shape s, etc. (see fractal geometry). While the outer appearance of self-similar patterns can be quite complex, the ruleRule has several meanings: A rule in mathematics is something which is always true. A rule is a regulation to be followed, as in government and sport. A rule may also be used a straightedge and for measurement. Rule of thumb is a suggestion which is usuals needed to describe or produce their formation can be extremely simple (e.g. Lindenmayer systems for the descriptionA description consists of an enumeration of the quantitative and qualitative parameters which define something, that is, what something looks like, sounds like, feels like, etc. A complete description includes useful subtle differences which can be useful of tree shapes).In addition to static patterns there may be patterns of movementThe term Movement has a variety of different meanings: Physical movement between points in space ("A to B"). The amount of movement is called distance. Together with a direction you have a displacement. The rate of movement is the speed. Again, with the d such as oscillationSee Oscillator (disambiguation) for particular types of oscillation and oscillators. Oscillation is the periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure as seen, for example, in a swinging pendulum. The term vibration is sometimes used more narrowly.
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