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He held a command in the Juan de Grijalva expedition sent from Cuba against Yucatán in the spring of 1518, and returned in a few months, bearing reports of the wealth and splendour of Montezuma's empire.
In February 1519 he accompanied Hernán Cortés in the expedition for the conquest of Mexico, being appointed to the command of one of the eleven vessels of the fleet. He acted as Cortés's principal officer, and on the first occupation of the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlán was left there in charge. When the Spaniards had temporarily to retire before the Mexican uprising, Alvarado led the rear-guard ( July 1July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. Events 1097 Battle of Dorylaeum Crusaders under Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Turkish army under Qilich Arslan I. 1690 Battle of the Boyne as reck, 1520Events January 18 King Christian II of Denmark and Norway defeats the Swedes at Lake Asunde. June Moctezuma II, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan is declared deposed due to his captivity by conquistador Hernan Cortes. His brother Cuitlahuac rises to the throne.), and the Salto de Alvarado--a long leap with the use of his spear, by which he saved his life--became famous.
He was engaged in the conquest of the highlands of GuatemalaFor the city, see Guatemala City. The Republic of Guatemala is a country in Central America, in the south of the continent of North America, bordering both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. It is bordered by Mexico to the north, Belize to the north from 1523Events April Battle of Villalors Forces loyal to Emperor Charles V defeat the Comuneros, a league of urban bourgeois rebelling against Charles in Spain. June 6 Gustav Vasa becomes King of Sweden, establishing finally its full independence from Denmark. to 1527Events January 5 Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, was drowned in the Limmat River in Zurich by the Zurich Reformed state church. May 6 Spanish and German troops led by the Duke of Bourbon sack Rome (the infamous Sacco di Roma), forcing Pop. At first Alvarado allied himself with the Cakchiquiel nation in his conquest of their traditional rivals the QuichéThis page is about the Native American people; for the dish, see quiche. The Ki'che' or Quich in Spanish spelling, are a Native American people, part of the Maya ethnic group. The term also denotes their native language, and their nation in pre-Columbian nation, but his cruelties alienated the Cakchiquiel, and he needed several years to stamp out resistance in the region. He was subsequently appointed governor of Guatemala by Charles V.
In 1534 Alvarado heard tales of the riches of Peru, headed south to the Andes and attempted to bring the province of Quito under his rule. When he arrived he found the land already held by Pizarro's lieutenant Belalcazar . The two forces of Conquistadors almost came to blows, but then Pizarro paid off Alvarado to leave.
During a visit to Spain, three years later, Alvarado had the governorship of Honduras conferred upon him in addition to that of Guatemala.
Alvarado fought to suppress a major revolt by the Mixtón natives of the Nueva Galicia region of Mexico. After an unsuccessful assault on the fortified peak of Nochistlan, Alvarado was leading a retreat when he was crushed by a horse that lost its footing. He died a few days later, on July 4, 1541, and was buried in the church at Tiripetio (Michoacán). Four decades later, his daughter Leonor Alvarado Xicotencatl paid to transport his remains to Guatemala for reburial in the cathedral of the city of Santiago (now Antigua Guatemala).
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