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Péng Déhuái ( T. Chinese: 彭德懷, S. Chinese: 彭德怀, Wade-Giles: P'eng Te-huai) ( 1898 - November 29 1974) was a prominent Chinese Communist military leader.Peng was exiled from his family home in Xiang County, Hunan province at the age of nine. Before joining the army at sixteen, he had worked in coal mines at the age of thirteen and at dams of the Lake Dongting at the age of fifteen. By the age of twenty-eight he was a brigade-commander in the Kuomintang Army and had begun a flirtation with radical politics. Peng was forced to flee Chiang Kai-shek's purge in 1927 and joined the Communist Party of China, participating in the Long March. His contributions to the CCP were highly praised and earned him the nickname "Great General Peng" (彭大将军). As a literary work by Mao Zedong in remembrance of Peng's contributions in the Long March put it, "
- [In] High mountains, dangerous roads, deep pits,
- Cavalry rides lengthwise and crosswise [freely] in your command,
- Who dares to [put the] spearA spear is an ancient weapon, used for hunting and war. It consists of a shaft, usually of wood, with a sharpened head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with bamboo spears, or it may be of another material faste crosswise and draw the horse to a stop?
- Only our Great General Peng!"
- 山高路险坑深，
- 骑兵任你纵横，
- 谁敢横枪立马，
- 唯我彭大将军。
During World War IIThe Second Sino-Japanese War was a major invasion of eastern China by Japan preceding and during World War II. It ended with the surrender of Japan in 1945. In Chinese, the war is known as the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War of Resistance or War of Res Peng served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Communist forces and coordinated the Hundred Regiments Campaign. Peng went on to serve with distinction behind JapanJapan (, Nippon/Nihon literally "the origin of the sun") is a country in East Asia situated on a chain of islands east of the Asian continent on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. The largest of these islands are, from north to south, Hokkaido , Honshese lines in North China, and during the late stages of the Chinese Civil WarThe Chinese Civil War ( 1926- 1949) was a conflict in China between the Kuomintang (the Nationalist Party; KMT) and the Communist Party of China (CPC). It began with the takeover of the KMT by the right-wing General Chiang Kai-shek as well as purges of le he led the 1st Field Army in its conquest of ShaanxiNot to be confused with the neighboring province of Shanxi Shaanxi ( Simplified Chinese: , Traditional: , Hanyu Pinyin: Shnxi, Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi, Postal system pinyin: Shensi pronounced like "Shahn-shee") is a northwestern province of the People's Repu, GansuGansu ( Simplified: , Traditional: , Pinyin: Gnsu, Wade-Giles: Kan-su, or modified as Kan-suh) is a province located in the northwest of the People's Republic of China. It lies between Qingzang, Inner Mongolia, and the Huangtu Plateaus, and borders Mongol, NingxiaNingxia , also spelled Ningsia is an autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, located on the northwest loess highland, the Yellow River flows through a vast area of its land. Province Abbreviation(s): Capital Yinchuan Area Total % water Ranked, and Qinghai provinces.
He was the supreme commander of Chinese volunteers during the Korean War, the Defense Minister, a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China and a marshal of the People's Liberation Army. He was disgraced in 1959 because he criticized Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward. As a consequence, he was removed from all posts and placed under constant supervision and house arrest in Chengdu, Sichuan; Lin Biao took over the Minister of Defense.
At the onset of the Cultural Revolution in 1966, he was escorted to Beijing by the Red Guards under Jiang Qing. His humiliations and disgrace at the hands of the Red Guards continued until he died due to a liver disorder in 1974.
He was rehabilitated in 1978.
