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Home > People of the Book

The term "People of the Book" (Am HaSefer) is also used in Judaism, where it refers to the Jewish people.

In Islam, the term applies to monotheistic faiths prior to Islam who received revelation(s) (hence "book") from God. This includes all Christians, Jews, Samaritans, and all "Sabians" – a term generally identified with Mandaeans – and according to some scholars Zoroastrians. The legal interpretation was later expanded to accommodate other non-Muslims living under Muslim rule (e.g., Hindus in India), where certain aspects of being a dhimmi were granted (paying jizyah, protected status, freedom of worship, etc.), but others were not (e.g., Muslim males allowed to marry their females).

1 The Qur'an

There are many statements in the Qur'an that promote tolerance towards People of The Book. For example:

And do not dispute with the followers of the Book except by what is best, except those of them who act unjustly, and say: We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you, and our God and your God is One, and to Him do we submit.(Qur'an 29:46)

There are also many statements that promote an adversarial relationship. For example:

O you who believe! Do not take the Jews and the Christians for friends; they are friends of each other; and whoever amongst you takes them for a friend, then surely he is one of them; surely Allah does not guide the unjust people. (Qur'an 5:51)

Throughout Islamic history, Muslims have used these verses to justify a variety of positions towards non-Muslims. In some places and times, Muslims showed a great deal of tolerance towards non-Muslims; in other places and times non-Muslims were treated as enemies and persecuted. Islamic law demands that Muslims treat Jews and Christians as dhimmis, second-class protected citizens who have a limited number of rights.

2 Similarities in belief

The various faiths of the People of the Book share several qualities:

• They recognize one god.
• They share certain religious texts.
• They share many of the same prophets, such as Abraham.
• They recognize life after death, judgment, heaven and hellHell is, according to many religious beliefs about the afterlife, a place of torment, of great weeping and gnashing of teeth. The English word 'hell' comes from the Norse Hel', which originally referred to the goddess of the Norse underworld. In most reli, and angelThis article describes supernatural creatures; for other meanings, see angel (disambiguation). Gabriel announces to Mary that she will bear Jesus ( El Greco, 1575) An angel is a spiritual being which assists and serves God or the gods in many religious trs.
• They share similar beliefs regarding the CreationReligious creation beliefs Several religions have creation beliefs, some of which account for the existence and present form of the Universe by the act of creation by a supreme being or creator god. Most of these accounts depict one or several gods fashio, specifically, in the lives of Adam and EveThis article is about the biblical Adam and Eve. For other uses, see Adam (disambiguation) and Eve (disambiguation According to the Book of Genesis of the Bible and to the Quran, Adam "Dust; mankind", Standard Hebrew Adam Tiberian Hebrew m Arabic dam was in the Garden of EdenThis article is about the Biblical location. For the concept in cellular automata, see Garden of Eden pattern. Garden of Eden from hebrew Gan Eden is the location of the story told in Genesis 2 and 3—part of the creation myth of the Abrahamic religions..

3 Islamic law

Where non-Muslim People of the Book live in an Islamic nation under ShariaSharia ( Arabic also Shari'a and Shariah is traditional Islamic law. Like most religious cultures, Islam classically drew no distinction between religious and secular life. Hence Sharia covers not only religious rituals, but many aspects of day-to-day lif law, they become dhimmi. They are given a number of rights, such as the right to freely practice their faith in private, in return for state protection, and exemption from military service. They also have some responsibilities, such as the payment of a special tax called jizyah ("poll tax"). People of the Book living in non-Islamic nations are not considered dhimmi.

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Topics: People Of The Book Islamic Islam Non-muslims God Dhimmi Share...

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