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| Pigeon pea | ||||||||||||||||
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| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||
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| Binomial nameIn biology, binomial nomenclature is a standard convention used for naming species. As the word 'binomial' suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species epithet or descriptor. The firs | ||||||||||||||||
| Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. |
The Pigeon pea ( Cajanus cajan, syn. Cajanus indicus) is a member of the family Fabaceae.
Other common names are red gram, toovar, toor, gandul, Congo pea, Gungo pea, and no-eye pea.
The cultivation of the pigeon pea goes back at least 3000 years. The centre of origin is most likely AsiaThe continent of Asia is defined by subtracting Europe and Africa from the great land mass of Africa-Eurasia. The boundaries are vague, especially between Asia and Europe: Asia and Africa meet somewhere near the Suez Canal. The boundary between Asia and E from where it travelled to East AfricaAfrica is the world's second-largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. 30,244,050 km2 (11,677,240 mi2) including the islands, it covers 20. 3% of the total land area on Earth, and with over 800 million human inhabitants it accounts for ar and by means of the slave trade to the New World. Today pigeon peas are widely cultivated in all tropical and semi-tropical regons of both the Old and the New World.
Pigeon peas are both food crop (dried peas, flour, or green vegetable peas) and forage/cover crop.
In IndiaThe Republic of India is a large multicultural country in South Asia, with a population of over one billion. The Indian economy is the fourth largest in the world, in terms of purchasing power parity, and is the world's second-fastest growing economy., split pigeon peas (toor dalDal can mean: Dal (or dhal) is a Sanskrit and Hindi term referring to pulses which have been stripped of their outer skins and split, as well as to the thick, spicy stew prepared therefrom. Split green peas are known all over the world, but rarely consume) are one of the most popular pulses—next to chickpeas (chana) and mung.
Pigeon peas are nutritionally important, as they contain high levels of protein (typically 22% in Dahl) and the important amino acids methionine, lysine, and tryptophan. In combination with cereals, pigeon peas make a well balanced human food.
In some countries, such as the Dominican Republic and Hawaii, pigeon peas are grown for canning.
The woody stems of pigeon peas are used as firewood, fencing and thatch. In Thailand, pigeon peas are grown as host for scale insects which produce lac.
Pigeon peas are in some areas an important crop for green manure. They can after incorporation provide up to 40 kg nitrogen per hectare.
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