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Plato ( Greek: Πλάτων Pláton) (c. 427 BC – c. 347 BC) was an immensely influential classical Greek philosopher, student of Socrates, teacher of Aristotle, writer, and founder of the Academy in Athens.
Plato, who is believed to be a philodorian, lectured extensively at the Academy but he also wrote on many philosophical issues. His presence survives through his written philosophical/dramatic compositions which are preserved in manuscripts recovered and edited in many different editions and translations since the birth of the Humanist movement. The written corpus of Plato consists almost entirely of dialogues, epigrams and letters. All the known dialogues of Plato survive, however modern-day standard editions of his oeuvre generally contain dialogues considered by the consensus of scholars to be either suspect (e.g., AlcibiadesAlcibiades Cleiniou Scambonides ( ancient Greek: ) ¹ (c. 450 BC- 404 BC) was an Athenian general and politician. He was born in Athens, the son of Cleinias and Deinomache, who belonged to the family of the Alcmaeonidae. He was a near relative of Pericles,, Clitophon ) or probably spurious (such as DemodocusIn Homer's Odyssey Demodocus or Demodokos is a storyteller at the court of Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians at Scheria. He sings the quarrel between Odysseus and Achilles, the episode of the Trojan horse and the loves of Ares and Aphrodite. He is blind: ", or the Second Alcibiades ).
The personage of Socrates often makes an appearance in the dialogues of Plato though it is unclear how much of the content and argument of any given dialogue is Socrates' point of view, and how much of it Plato's.
There is a prominent crater on the MoonFor other moons in the solar system see natural satellite. For other uses see Moon (disambiguation). The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth. It has no formal name other than "The Moon" although it is occasionally called Luna ( Latin for moon to d named the Plato craterGeneral characteristics Latitude 51. 6° N Longitude 9. 3° E Diameter 101 km Depth 1. 0 km Selenographic colongitude 9° at sunrise Name source Plato Plato is the maria surfaced remains of a lunar impact crater. It is located on the northeastern shore of th, in his honor.
"The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato." -- Alfred North WhiteheadAlfred North Whitehead ( February 15, 1861 December 30, 1947) was a British philosopher and mathematician who worked in logic, mathematics, philosophy of science and metaphysics. His best known work in mathematics is the Principia Mathematica which he wro, Process and Reality, 1929
Plato was born in Athens, into a moderately well-to-do aristocratic family. His father was named Ariston and his mother Perictione. One of Plato's ancestors, Glaucon, was one of the best-known members of the Athenian nobility. Plato's own real name was "Aristocles" however his nicknameA nickname is a short, clever, cute, derogatory, or otherwise substitute name for a person or thing's real name, (for example, Nick is short for Nicholas . As a concept, it is distinct from both pseudonym and stage name, although there may be overlap in t, Plato, originated from wrestling circles. Since Plato means "broad," it probably refers either to his physical appearance or to his wrestling stance or style.
Plato became a pupil of Socrates in his youth, and -- at least according to his personal account -- he attended his master's trial, though not his execution. Unlike Socrates, Plato wrote down his philosophical views and left a considerable number of manuscripts (see below). He was deeply affected by the city's treatment of Socrates and much of his early work records his memories of his teacher. It is suggested that much of his ethical writing is in pursuit of a society where similar injustices could not occur.
Plato was also deeply influenced by the PythagoreansThe Pythagoreans were an Hellenic organization of astronomers, musicians, mathematicians, and philosophers; who believed that all things are, essentially, numeric. The group strove to keep the discovery of irrational numbers a secret; and legends tell of, whose notions of numerical harmony have clear echoes in Plato's notion of the FormsPlato spoke of forms (sometimes capitalized: The Forms in formulating his solution to the problem of universals. The forms, according to Plato, are roughly speaking archetypes or abstract representations of the many types and properties (that is, of unive (sometimes thus capitalized; see below); by Anaxagoras, who taught Socrates and who held that the mind or reason pervades everything; and by Parmenides, who argued the unity of all things and was perhaps influential in Plato's conception of the Soul.
Plato founded one of the earliest known organized schools in Western civilization when he was 40 years old on a plot of land in the Grove of Academe. The Academy was "a large enclosure of ground which was once the property of a citizen at Athens named Academus... some however say that it received its name from an ancient hero." (Robinson, Arch. Graec. I i 16) and it operated until it was closed by Justinian I of Byzantium in AD 529. Many intellectuals were schooled here, the most prominent being Aristotle.
In Plato's writings one finds debates concerning aristocratic and democratic forms of government. One finds debates concerning the role of heredity and environment in human intelligence and personality long before the modern " nature versus nurture" debate began in the time of Hobbes and Locke, with its modern continuation in such controversial works as The Mismeasure of Man and The Bell Curve. One finds arguments for the subjectivity -- and objectivity -- of human knowledge which foreshadow modern debates between Hume and Kant, or between the postmodernists and their opponents. Even the myth of the lost city or continent of Atlantis originates as an illustrative story told by Plato in his Timaeus and Critias.
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