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The word became internationally known after a wave of anti- Jewish riots swept southern Russia in 1881- 1884, causing world-wide outcry and propelling mass Jewish emigration. According to the records of the history of the Jews in the United States, the Jewish emigration from Russia increased drastically in these years, totalling to about 2 million Russian Jews in period 1880- 1920.
At least some of the pogroms are believed to have been organized or supported by the Tsarist Russian secret police, the Okhranka. Although no hard evidence has been presented so far, such facts as the indifference of Russian police and army were duly noted, e.g., during the three-day First Kishinev pogrom of 1903, as well as the preceding inciting anti-Jewish articles in newspapers, a hint that pogroms were in line with the internal policy of Imperial Russia. The most violently anti-Semitic group during this period was the Black Hundreds who actively participated in the pogroms.
Many pogroms accompanied the Russian Revolution of 1917Events January 2 The Royal Bank of Canada takes over Quebec Bank. January 22 World War I: President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe. January 25 The Danish West Indies is sold to the United States for $25 million January 25 Anti- and the following Russian Civil WarThe Russian Civil War was fought between 1918 and 1920. Following the success of the Russian Revolution, the new Russian ( Bolshevik) government made peace with Germany at the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ratified on March 6 1918. This negotiated peace was th. On one hand, wealthy Jews shared the fate of other wealthy people of Russia. On the other hand, Jewish settlements have undergone pogroms by the White ArmyWhite army may refer to: The military arm of the White movement, a loose coalition of anti- Bolshevik forces in the Russian Civil War The Saudi Arabian National Guard The National Guard of Kuwait., who acted in the accord with their "Jewish- BolshevikA Bolshevik ("", derived from Russian word loosely translated as "majority") was a member of a faction of Bolsheviks of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) led by Vladimir Lenin. The other faction was known as the Mensheviks, derived from "m plot" view of the Russian Revolution, derived from active Jewish participation in BolshevikA Bolshevik ("", derived from Russian word loosely translated as "majority") was a member of a faction of Bolsheviks of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) led by Vladimir Lenin. The other faction was known as the Mensheviks, derived from "m movement.
The organization of Jewish self-defence stopped the pogromists in certain areas during the second Kishinev pogrom.
The History of anti-SemitismThis is a partial chronology of hostilities towards or discrimination against the Jews as a religious or ethnic group. See main article Anti-Semitism for etymology, roots, traits and disputes on what is sometimes called. Here we note significant events in lists a number of anti-Jewish pogroms in various countries.
Other peoples suffered this kind of ill fate, at various times and in different countries. Therefore this word is seen today to be used in contexts other than Jews in Russia. For example, the KristallnachtKristallnacht also known as Reichskristallnacht Pogromnacht and in English as The Night of Broken Glass was a massive nation-wide pogrom in Germany on the night of November 9, 1938 (including early hours of the following day). It was directed at Jewish ci in Nazi GermanyThe Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland is one of the world's leading industrialized countries, located in the middle of the European Union. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark and the Baltic Sea, to the east is now often called Pogromnacht.
A modern example of a race riot qualified by some as pogrom is the August 1991 events in Crown Heights, Brooklyn. Similarly, violent race riots in Gujarat, India in 2002 have led to accusations of an anti-Muslim pogrom sponsored by the ruling Hindu party (and counter-claims of terrorism).
Modern examples of pogroms against other nationals include those of
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