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In February 1976 Polisario formally proclaimed the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR). It has a government in exile. Abdelaziz is president. The SADR is a member of the African Union, but not of the UN. It has been acknowledged as a state by about 66 states, nearly all of them African or Latin American. Some countries have not recognised the SADR, but do recognise Polisario as representative of the Saharawi people. Still other countries do not recognise Polisario at all, but also do not recognise Morocco's unilateral annexation of the area.
Polisario is a successor of the Movement for the Liberation of the Sahara in the 1960s, lead by Bassiri. Spanish troops under Franco's regime crushed the uprising.
Polisario was formed on May 10, 1973 with the express intention of the removal of Spanish, Moroccan (and for a period of about 4 years MauritanianThe Islamic Republic of Mauritania is a country in northwest Africa. Its coast faces the Atlantic Ocean, between Western Sahara on the north and Senegal on the south. It should not be confused with the ancient country of Mauretania. Mauritania and Madagas) military administration of the Western Sahara. One of its founders was Mustapha Ouali , ex-member of the Communist Party of Morocco (who has since been estranged from the group). For the next two years, Polisario organized a number of hit-and-run attack s against occupation forces.
From 1975Events January January 1 Watergate scandal: John N. Mitchell, H. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman are found guilty of the Watergate cover-up and are sentenced to 30 months to 8 years in jail on February 21 January 5 The Tasman Bridge in Tasmania, Australia, i Polisario has been stationed in TindoufTindouf also written Tinduf is a city in the west of Algeria, pop. In the region there are four refugee camps for people from Western Sahara ( Sahrawis): El Aiun, Awserd, Smara and Dakhla (not to be confused with the cities after which they are named), wi, western AlgeriaAlgeria is a country in northern Africa with a coast on the Mediterranean Sea along the north and bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, and Morocco in the west (the Moroccan. In the same year United NationsFlag of the United Nations The United Nations or UN is an international organization made up of states. Almost all countries are members. It was established in San Francisco on October 24, 1945, following the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington, DC, b mission recognized it and the World Court at the Hague ruled in favor of their self-determination.
Polisario signed a peace treaty with Mauritania August 5August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. Events 642 Battle of Maserfeld Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia 1100 Henry I crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey 1, 1979. Mauritania withdrew, but the area it had occupied was now additionally taken by Morocco.
Polisario still contests the Western Sahara with Morocco, though Morocco has largely managed to keep Polisario troops off by a sand wall (the Moroccan Wall or berm) and its larger army.
A cease-fire between Polisario and Morocco, monitored by MINURSO ( UN) is effective since September 6, 1991.
Polisario controls the part of the Western Sahara on the east of the Moroccan Wall, which is almost uninhabited.
Near Tindouf it organizes the Saharawi refugee camps. Also it holds there ca. 500 Moroccan POWs, some for more than 20 years.
Support of Libya and Algeria has dwindled.
See also Politics of Western Sahara, Morocco's relations.
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