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This article is part of the series Politics of the R. of Ireland |
| President Council of State |
| Oireachtas Dáil Éireann Seanad Éireann |
| Taoiseach Tánaiste Government |
| Supreme Court Judiciary |
| Constitution Referendum |
The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign, independent state. It is a representative democracy under a parliamentary system of government, with a president, prime minister and parliament. The capital city is Dublin. While there are a number of important political parties in the state, the two largest are Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael. The state is a member of the European Union.
Main article: Constitution of Ireland
The state operates under the Constitution of Ireland, also known as Bunreacht na hÉireann, adopted in 1937. The constitution falls broadly within the liberal democratic tradition. It defines the organs of government and guarantees certain fundamental rights. The constitution may only be amended by referendum.
Main article: President of Ireland
The head of state is the President of Ireland. In keeping with the state's parliamentary system of government the President exercises largely a ceremonial role but does possess certain reserve powers. The presidency is open to all citizens who are at least 35. They are directly elected by secret ballot under the Alternative Vote. A candidate may also be chosen by a consensus among the political parties, in which case it is unnecessary to proceed to a ballot. The President is elected to a seven year term; no candidate may serve more than two terms. In carrying out certain of her constitutional functions, the President is aided by the Council of State.
Main article: Irish GovernmentThe Government ( Irish: Rialtas , also known as the Government of Ireland is the cabinet that exercises executive authority in the Republic of Ireland. The Government is headed by a prime minister called the Taoiseach, and a deputy prime minister called t
Executive authority is exercised by a cabinet known simply as the Government. The Government consists of the TaoiseachThe Taoiseach (plural: Taoisigh or, more formally, An Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of the Republic of Ireland and the leader of the Irish cabinet1. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dail Eireann (t (prime minister), the TánaisteThe Tanaiste (plural: Tanaistithe , or more formally An Tanaiste is the deputy prime minister of the Republic of Ireland1. The Tanaiste is appointed by the President of Ireland upon the nomination of the Taoiseach ( prime minister). The word was historica (deputy prime minister) and up to thirteen other ministers. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President, after being designated by Dáil ÉireannDail Eireann is the lower house of the Oireachtas (parliament) of the Republic of Ireland 1. Its powers are similar to those of lower houses under many other parliamentary systems. It meets, since 1922, in Leinster House in Dublin. Composition The current (the lower house of parliament). The remaining ministers are nominated by the Taoiseach and approved by the Dáil. The Government must enjoy the confidence of Dáil Éireann and, in the event that they cease to enjoy the support of the lower house, the Taoiseach must either resign or presuade the President to dissolve the Dáil, in which case a general electionA general election is an election in which all members of a given political body are up for election. The term is generally used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections. follows.
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