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A Porter's cluster or competitive cluster is a geographical location where:
Generally two types of competitive clusters, based on different kinds of knowledge, are recognized:
- Techno clusters - These clusters are high technology-oriented, well adapted to the knowledge economy, and typically have as a core renowned universities and research centers.
- Historic knowhow-based clusters - These are based on more traditional activities that maintain their advantage in know-how over the years, and for some of them, over the centuries. They are often industry specific.
The concept is named after Michael Porter, a Harvard professor who developed it. He claims that clusters have the potential to affect competition in three ways:
- by increasing the productivity of the companies in the cluster,
- by driving innovation in the field
- by stimulating new businesses in the field
1 Examples
Well known examples are
- the Silicon valley, in California in the field of computer technology,
- Bangalore, in India, for software outsourcing,
- Paris, in France, for Haute couture,
- Toulouse, in France, for aerospace.
- CambridgeThis article is about Cambridge, England; see also other places called Cambridge. The city of Cambridge is an old English University town and the regional centre of the county of Cambridgeshire. It lies approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of London and i, in the UK, for biotechnologyBiotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. Of the many different definitions available the one formulated by the UN " Convention on Biological Diversity" is the most all-encompassing: :"B and electronicsElectronics is the study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles in devices such as thermionic valves and semiconductors. The pure study of such devices is considered as a bra
2 See also
