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The term prefecture has been used to denote a self-governing body or area since the time of Constantine I, who divided the Roman Empire into 4 districts (each divided into dioceses). Much like a state or city, these were largely self-governed; however each owed allegiance to Rome. A prefect was the head of a prefecture.

1 Chinese sense of prefecture

1.1 The ancient sense

1.1.1 Xian

When used in the context of Chinese history, especially China before the Tang Dynasty, the word "prefecture" is used to translate xian (县/縣). This unit of administration is translated as "county" when used in a contemporary context.

See County of China for more information on the xian of China.

1.1.2 Zhou

In the context of Chinese history during or after the Tang Dynasty, the word "prefecture" is used to translate zhou (州), another ancient unit of administration in China.

See Zhou (political division) for more information on the zhou of China.

1.2 The modern sense

In modern-day People's Republic of China, the prefecture (地区; pinyin: dìqu) is an administrative division found in the second level of the administrative hierarchy. In addition to prefectures, this level also includes autonomous prefectures, leagues, and prefecture-level cities. The prefecture level comes under the province level, and in turn oversees the county level.

See Prefecture of China for more information on modern prefectures in China.

2 French sense of prefecture

Main article: préfecture

In FranceThe French Republic or France ( French: Republique francaise or France is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents., a préfecture is the capitalThis article concerns places that serve as centers of government and politics. For alternative meanings see capital (disambiguation In politics a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meanin city of a départementThe departements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties and are now grouped into 22 metropolitan and four overseas regions''. They are subdivided into 342 arrondissements''. Departements are also found i. By extension, it is also the name of one of the governing bodies of the département. There are 100 préfectures in France.

3 Greek sense of prefecture

Modern GreeceGreece formally called the Hellenic Republic (in Greek: ) Hellenike Demokratia , is a country in the southeast of Europe on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula. It is bounded on land by Bulgaria, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Albania, under its 1975 Constitution, is divided into 51 nomoiNomos (plural: Nomoi can refer to: the prefectures of Greece, the administrative division immediately below the peripheries of Greece the subdivisions of Ancient Egypt, see Nome (subnational division) law. It is the origin of the suffix -onomy. ( GreekThe Greek language ( /Elini'k{/) is an Indo-European language which has existed from around the 14th century BC in the Cretan inscriptions called Linear B. Mycenaean Greek of this period is distinguished from later Classical or Ancient Greek of the 8th ce: νομοι). These are most commonly translated into English as prefectures. Each nomos is headed by a prefect (nomarch), who is elected by direct popular vote.

See: Prefectures of Greece

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PrefectureThe term prefecture has been used to denote a self-governing body or area since the time of Constantine I, who divided the Roman Empire into 4 districts (each divided into dioceses). Much like a state or city, these were largely self-governed; however eac	PréfectureIn France, a prefecture is the capital city of a departement''. By extension, it is also the name of one of the governing bodies of the departement and of the building housing this government body. Role There are 100 prefectures in France. The civil serva	Prefectures of JapanJapan in order. The prefectures of Japan are the country's 47 sub-national jurisdictions: one "metropolis" (; To), Tokyo; one " circuit" (; Do), Hokkaido; two urban prefectures (; Fu), Osaka and Kyoto; and 43 other prefectures (; Ken). In Japanese, they a
Prefectures of GreeceGreece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 51 prefectures nomoi singular nomos : Attica Euboea Evritania Fokis Fthiotis Viotia Khalkidhiki Imathia Kilkis Pella Pieria Serres Thessaloniki	Prefecture of EliaFor the Biblical Elia, see Elijah. Ilia (also often Elia rarely Ileia Greek: Nomos Ilias or Eleias is a prefecture in the Western Peloponnese and in Western portion of Greece. It covers the area of Elis, and was formerly a department. Its capital is found	Prefecture-level cityA prefecture-level city ( Pinyin: diji shi, literally "region-level city") is an administrative division of China. Prefecture-level cities are governed directly by province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China. Most provinces are composed ent
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