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Ilia (also often Elia, rarely Ileia) Greek: Νομός Ηλείας Nomos Ilias or Eleias is a prefecture in the Western Peloponnese and in Western portion of Greece. It covers the area of Elis, and was formerly a department. Its capital is founded in Pyrgos.
| Statistics | ||
|---|---|---|
| Capital: | Pyrgos | |
| Area: | 2,681 km² | |
| Inhabitants: | 174,021 (1991) | |
| Pop. density: | 65 inh./km² | |
| ISO 3166-2: | GR-14 | |
| Car designation: | ΗΑ HA, Ileia (also pro. eta-alpha) | |
| Code for the municipalities | 17xx | |
| Number of municipalities | 22 | |
| Area codes in Greece: | 11+30+269x0 | |
| Name of inhabitants | Elean, Eleans pl. | |
| Postal code: | 27x | |
| Website: | Homepage of Ilia/Ileia | |
| Map | ||
About 50% to 60% of the population live in villages, towns and cities that lie in the northern portion of the prefecture. from the European highway from Lechaina and Myrsini down into the Alpheus River and Olympia. 25% live around the tiny metropolitan area of Pyrgos, with a population of approximately 25,000. Between 70% to 75% of the population live within fertile lands away from the mountains. The population is ranked third or fourth in the peninsula. Less than 1% is water, most of it found in artificial reservoirs and dams. Half a percent less before the construction began to wipe out about 2 km² of forest and around 10km² of land as well. About 1/3 of the land is fertile. A range of 450 to 500 km² of land is barely flat. About 2/3 of the rest is mountainous and not suitable for crops. There are 7 dialing codes. They are Lechainá (0623), Amalias (0622), Pyrgos (0621), (Anc.) Olympia, Kréstena, Zácharo and Andrítsaina.
Elia as Elis used to cover (not as a prefecture, department or a province) as far north as the western cape of Araxos before boundaries were changed, and Neo Vouprasía were part of Elia Its original boundary were what is now Móvri-Larissoú line in Achaea (Achaia). Lambeia belong to Arcadia in ancient times. And portions of modern Elia belonged to ancient Arcadia. The prefecture excludes what is now New Vouprasía, Kalógria, and includes Lambeia and parts of former Arcadia. Its present day boundary is at Neda River, going a little East of Andrítsaina, Erymanthus River, Dívri , west of Scollis, and ends between Manoláda and Kalógria with green forests bordering Larissos River .
Swamplands used to cover about 1% to 1.5 (one-and-a-half) percent of the region, especially in the Samiko area. Draining of swamp waters expanded farming by about another 1% and subtracting swamplands only to the present-day deltas of the Peneus, Alpheus and Neda rivers. Only 10km² left and they are protected by recreational services.
Some of its islands used to belong to the neighboring Septinsular Republic in the 1500s. Today it is a regional boundary of the Peloponnese and the Ionian Islands bordering there.
The population of ancient Elia (from 1000-1 BC) was exactly in the range of 5,000 to 10,000 and reached either 10,000 or 20,000 by 1 BC. The history of the population of Elia had suffered sharp population declines during invasion from northern and eastern Europe, plagues, a couple of wars, and poor economy. Most of the population growth above 1% occurred in the 1800s and well into the 1900s. The biggest decline to its population was probably when invaders from Northern Europe dominate Elia and some wars as well. The population surpassed the 100,000 mark around the quarter of the 20th century and more than 150,000 in the late-20th century. Pyrgos became the largest city having the population over the 10,000 mark in the mid-20th century, and abovr 20,000 in the late-1980s. The population may hit the 200,000 mark. Even though it will not surpass the Corinthia prefecture population, it may be ranking 3rd in the entire peninsula. The population in the northwest is growing while the population is declining in the southeast and east.
Elia is steadily growing and around placed nearly in the middle in percentage in the peninsula, but growing quite steadily. Achaea prefecture is the first. Northern part is one of the fastest. Southern Elia's population has growing mostly steadily like Andritsaina (less than 500 persons added to their population), and the flatlands has been growing quite steadily, (1 to 2%). Most of the small vilages are losing population, some towns and ciites are gaining population. The population has been growing steadily throughout more than 4,000 years (with some exceptions in the 20th century, the northern part has been growing between 1,5%, 2% and 3%).
The urban population is about higher than 60% and has surpassed population in the latter part of the 20th century, and rising to 70% and 80% of the population. Over the last 4,000 years, the majority of the population lived in rural areas.
The area is rich in beaches, climate, and forests.
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